introduction: in all poisoned prevalence in children is about 70% which 90% out of them are preventable. poisoning is different in children because of its relation to geographical region, culture, economic and socioeconomic. this study was designed to find the epidemiology of poisoning in children who referred to emergency center of afzalipour hospital in kerman in 2009-2010. method: this descr...

In view of the tragic fire at a nightclub in the city of Santa Maria, Brazil, which culminated in the sudden death of 232 young people, we decided to review the literature regarding smoke inhalation injury caused by enclosed-space fires, which can be divided into direct thermal damage, carbon monoxide poisoning, and cyanide poisoning. Such injuries often call for immediate orotracheal intubatio...

Childhood lead poisoning is a preventable illness. In the past 3 decades, removal of key lead sources and prevention of exposure in the United States have led to dramatic decreases in population blood lead concentrations and also in instances of severe lead poisoning requiring treatment. From an international perspective, childhood lead poisoning seems to be of greatest concern in developing co...

As machine learning becomes widely used for automated decisions, attackers have strong incentives to manipulate the results and models generated by machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we perform the first systematic study of poisoning attacks and their countermeasures for linear regression models. In poisoning attacks, attackers deliberately influence the training data to manipulate the...

The highly toxic nature of tabun has been known for many years, but there are still serious limitations to antidotal therapy. In this study, we used rats as an experimental model to evaluate the efficiency of bispyridinium para-oxime K203 as therapy against tabun poisoning as well as to examine if induction of oxidative stress is linked to organophosphate toxicity. K203 showed high potency in c...

Cartap hydrochloride is a moderately hazardous nereistoxin insecticide that is increasingly used for deliberate self-harm in India. It can cause neuromuscular weakness resulting in respiratory failure. We report a patient with 4% Cartap hydrochloride poisoning who required mechanical ventilation for 36-hours. He recovered without any neurological deficits. We also review literature on Cartap hy...

The fungicide blasticidin S has been used against a rice blast disease. Reports on its human toxicity are extremely limited, and irritation to GI tract, eye and skin are the presenting symptoms in most afflicted cases. Fatalities resulting from profuse intestinal fluid loss with subsequent hypotension have also been recorded. In an attempt to delineate the clinical pictures of blasticidin S poi...

A 42-year-old woman with a history of depression and epilepsy ingested two types of household detergent and developed gastrointestinal symptoms, and subsequently acute renal failure. Coingestants included nontoxic quantities of paracetamol and therapeutic doses of sodium valproate and fluoxetine. The patient developed acute renal failure, and also had fever and unilateral ear inflammation. The ...

Objective(s): The increasing use of methamphetamine (METH) in the last decades has made it the second most abused drug. Advancs in the area of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) have led to its potential application in the treatment of poisoning. The present study aims to investigate the potential role of ILE as an antidote for acute METH poisoning. Materials and Methods: Two groups of six male r...

The presentation of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is non-specific and highly variable. The diagnosis is made when a compatible history and examination occur in a patient with elevated carboxyhaemoglobin levels. The severity of intoxication is difficult to assess accurately based on laboratory markers alone. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to have superior sensitivity to compute...