Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration induces hypothalamic nitric oxide (NO); NO is antipyretic in the preoptic area (POA), but its mechanism of action is uncertain. LPS also stimulates the release of preoptic norepinephrine (NE), which mediates fever onset. Because NE upregulates NO synthases and NO induces cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent PGE(2), we investigated whether NO mediates the prod...

In this study, we formulate positive and negative externalities caused by changes in the supply of shared vehicles as ride sharing games. The study aims to understand the price of anarchy (PoA) and its improvement via a coordination technique in ride sharing games. A critical question is whether ride sharing games exhibit a pure Nash equilibrium (pNE) since the PoA bound assumes it. Our result ...

When many independent users try to route traffic through a network, the flow can easily become suboptimal as a consequence of congestion of the most efficient paths. The degree of this suboptimality is quantified by the so-called price of anarchy (POA), but so far there are no general rules for when to expect a large POA in a random network. Here I address this question by introducing a simple ...

Smog chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the chemical and physical transformations of organic aerosol (OA) during photo-oxidation of open biomass burning emissions. The experiments were carried out at the US Forest Service Fire Science Laboratory as part of the third Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME III). We investigated emissions from 12 different fuels commonly burned in N...

Thirty beef cows, approximately 3 yr of age, were randomly assigned to be slaughtered on d 7, 14, 28, 42 or 56 postpartum. Each cow suckled one calf until slaughter. Data from cows slaughtered on d 42 and 56 were pooled and further classified as anestrous or cyclic based on the presence of a corpus luteum and elevated serum concentrations of progesterone at slaughter. Specific binding of [3H]na...

Mutations in the pyrazinamidase (PZAse) coding gene, pncA, have been considered as the main cause of pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, recent studies suggest there is no single mechanism of resistance to PZA. The pyrazinoic acid (POA) efflux rate is the basis of the PZA susceptibility Wayne test, and its quantitative measurement has been found to be a highly ...

Ethylene is an important phytohormone that promotes the ripening of fruits and senescence of flowers thereby reducing their shelf lives. Specific ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors would help to decrease postharvest loss. Here, we identify pyrazinamide (PZA), a clinical drug used to treat tuberculosis, as an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, using a chemical genetics app...

PA-IL is a galactophilic lectin that is found on the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pigeon ovalbumin (POA), a phosphoprotein, contains high levels of terminal Gal alpha(1-->4)Gal units. Thus, magnetic nanoparticles with immobilized POA can be used as affinity probes for P. aeruginosa, functioning via the recognition of galactophilic PA-IL. We fabricated POA-bound nanoparticles (NPs) ...

Whole-cell and intracellular recordings were made in coronal hypothalamic slices prepared from ovariectomized female guinea pigs. 62% of preoptic area (POA) neurons fired action potentials in a bursting manner, and exhibited a significantly greater afterhyperpolarization (AHP) than did non-bursting POA neurons. The majority (70%) of POA neurons (n=76) displayed a time-dependent inward rectifica...

475 AustrAlAsiAn Psychiatry P sychiatry of old age (POA) is a psychiatric subspe-cialty focusing on the mental health of older people. This subspecialty has been developing in the UK since the 1940s; and in Australia and New Zealand, since the 1970s and 1980s. 1 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) section in POA was established in 1987. 1 POA gained faculty st...