We have developed an in-plane bi-polymer check-valve for controlling microfluidic flow and preventing contamination between solutions by tilizing the elastic force of a swollen hydrogel. The valve was created using microfluidic tectonics, a fabrication procedure that allows construction f microscale components and autonomous systems using liquid-phase photopolymerization and in situ fabrication...

Abstract Spot-scanning is a highly dynamic treatment method in proton therapy, tailored to each tumor shape individually. By superimposing many single spots all three spatial axes, prescribed dose applied the volume. To minimize inhomogeneity across this volume, tight constraints on beam position accuracy apply: for below 1%, longitudinal of order 1 mm necessary, whereas lateral plane, needs be...

During the recommissioning of a Philips RT-250 kilovoltage X-ray unit, unexpected output variations with tube head rotation (cross-plane) and tube head tilt (in-plane) were observed. The measured output showed an increase of up to 7.3% relative to the neutral position (0? in-plane and 0? cross-plane) over the possible range of angles of in-plane rotation for 75 kVp (half-value layer, HVL = 1.84...

Background: The accuracy and the reproducibility of radiotherapy can be provided by using immobilization devices such as thermoplastic masks. In head and neck cancer radiotherapy, the patients are mostly immobilized by using thermoplastic masks. In this study, the effect of the thermoplastic mask to the surface and buildup region doses was investigated by using Markus parallel plate ion chamber...

We report on the design, modeling, fabrication and testing of a new electrothermal actuator allowing for various modes of movement and exhibiting large enough forces to be usable in a micro-tribotester. The performance of the actuator has been simulated combiniig numerical and analytical calculations. Experiments have been performed in ambient conditions and vacuum. The theoretical results and ...

Abstract The 100-m X-ray Test Facility of the Institute High Energy Physics (IHEP) was initially proposed in 2012 for test and calibration detectors Hard Modulation Telescope (HXMT) with capability to support future missions. large instrument chamber connected a long vacuum tube can accommodate mirror, focal plane detector other instruments. sources are installed at end distance 105 m, which pr...

A cellular base station antenna has a narrow beam width in the vertical plane because the length of the antenna is more than 10 λ. While generally long distance measurements are needed to measure the antenna with high accuracy, some measurement methods in a short-range anechoic chamber have been used. The compact range method [1-2] and near-far field transformation method [3-6] are very popular...

Lighting simulation is very important in realistic image synthesis, and the simulation of subsurface scattering has recently attracted much attention. Although the dipole/multipole model has succeeded in creating realistic images, it is still difficult to deal with volumetric features in subsurface scattering, which is important when rendering optically thin objects. This paper proposes a novel...