The effect of Cu2+ in bulk solution on pitting corrosion resistance extra-high-purity type 316 stainless-steel was investigated. Pitting occurred 0.1 M NaCl-1 mM CuCl2, whereas not initiated NaCl. Although deposition the surface regardless a potential region had no influence passive film formation. decrease CuCl2 resulted from deposited Cu or compound and continuous supply surface.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease. The main symptom is massive hair loss, localized or diffuse, in the scalp and the whole body. However, nails may also be involved, and brittleness, fragility and pitting can be signs of nail dystrophy in AA patients. Here, we report the case of a male patient with AA refractory to various treatments, including oral, topical and intralesiona...

Permineralized wood from the middle of the Upper Triassic Petrified Forest Formation in Arizona, in strata correlative with the Sonsela Member, displays various forms of heartwood degradation. Pitting of the wood exhibits two primary morphologies. Elongated cavities are up to several mm long, parallel to the wood grain and may merge to form channels that extend longitudinally through the wood f...

The corrosion resistance of type 304L and 316 austenitic stainless steels in 2M H2SO4 at 0-1.5%NaCl concentrations was studied through potentiodynamic polarization technique and optical microscopy analysis. The corrosion rate, pitting potential, passivation potential and surface morphology of both steel where significantly altered by the Clion concentration, alloy composition and metallurgical ...

Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema (RS3PE) is a rare clinical entity that is easily missed due to lack of knowledge. Syndrome is characterized by sudden onset of edema with swelling on the dorsum of the hands and by synovitis. Serological tests are negative and radiographic joint destruction does not occurs. Etiology of RS3PE syndrome is not known. It can occur as a...

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare disease characterized by diffuse fasciitis with peripheral eosinophilia and progressive induration and thickening of the skin and soft tissues. We report a 19-year-old female who presented with pitting edema in both lower extremities. She had a history of excessive physical activity before her symptoms developed. Physical examination revealed 2+ pitting edema in...

Metallic aluminum (Al) is of interest as a reducing agent because of its low standard reduction potential. However, its surface is invariably covered with a dense aluminum oxide film, which prevents its effective use as a reducing agent in wet-chemical synthesis. Pitting corrosion, known as an undesired reaction destroying Al and is enhanced by anions such as F⁻, Cl⁻, and Br⁻ in aqueous solutio...