Because of their wide application in industries requiring high pressure and temperature, manufacturing square and rectangular pipes have attracted more attention than ever before. There are various methods such as extrusion, tensile and stress for manufacturing square pipes. Another method on which studies have focused in recent years is the re-forming of round pipes in order to turn them into ...

In the present work, structure health monitoring (SHM) of welded steel pipes was used to diagnosis their state via vibration based damage detection techniques. The dynamic quantities such as Frequency Response Functions (FRFs), mode shapes and modal parameters from structural vibration to detect damage were measured, set on linear averaging mode, with a maximum frequency of analysis of 3.2 kHz....

In this study, an evolutionary fuzzy system is proposed to predict unexpected pipe failures in water supply networks. The seeks underpin the decisions of management companies regarding maintenance and replacement plans pipes. On one hand, logic provides high degrees interpretability over other black box models, which requested engineering application where have social consequences. genetic algo...

the use of solar collectors in combination with heat pipes is rapidly growing in recent years.heat pipes, as heat transfer components, have undeniable advantages in comparison with other alternatives. the most important advantage is their high rate of heat transfer at minor temperature differences. although there have been numerous studies on the heat analysis or first thermodynamic analysis of...

This paper gives an example of how predictive models of the deterioration of reinforced concrete pipes and the consequences of failure can be used to develop risk-based replacement strategies for redundant reinforced concrete pipe networks. It also shows how an accurate deterioration prediction can lead to a reduction of agency costs, and illustrates the limitation of the incremental interventi...

The root cause of odor and corrosion in collection systems is sulfide, which is produced from sulfate by bacteria residing in a slime layer on the submerged portion of sewer pipes and structures. Once released from the wastewater as hydrogen sulfide gas, odor and corrosion problems begin. Another type of bacteria utilizes hydrogen sulfide gas to produce sulfuric acid that causes the destruction...

Conventional pipeline failure pressure assessment codes do not allow for prediction of interacting defects subjected to combined loadings. Alternatively, numerical approaches may be used; however, they are computationally expensive. In this work, an analytical equation based on finite element analysis the API 5L X52, X65, and X80 corroded pipes with a longitudinal corrosion defect loadings is p...

Evaluating and enhancing resilience in water infrastructure is a crucial step towards more sustainable urban water management. As a prerequisite to enhancing resilience, a detailed understanding is required of the inherent resilience of the underlying system. Differing from traditional risk analysis, here we propose a global resilience analysis (GRA) approach that shifts the objective from anal...

The chemical stability of iron corrosion scales and the microbial community of biofilm in drinking water distribution system (DWDS) can have great impact on the iron corrosion and corrosion product release, which may result in "red water" issues, particularly under the situation of source water switch. In this work, experimental pipe loops were set up to investigate the effect of sulfate on the...