OBJECTIVE Determining the effectiveness of the guided goal setting strategy on changing adolescents' dietary and physical activity self-efficacy and behaviors. DESIGN Adolescents were individually assigned to treatment (intervention with guided goal setting) or control conditions (intervention without guided goal setting) with data collected before and after the education intervention. SETT...

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia have been grouped into the 2 factors of apathy and diminished expression, which might be caused by separable pathophysiological mechanisms. Recently, it has been proposed that apathy could be due to dysfunctional integration of reward and effort during decision making. We asked whether apathy in particular is associated with stronger devaluation ("discounting"...

This paper examines whether the Peter Principle operates in a large hierarchical financial sector firm. We use a method that allows for variation in optimal effort over stages in the hierarchy, which suggests, at least in the organisation we study, that the mean fall in performance actually understates the effect of the Peter Principle.

We examined subjects’ perceptions of physical effort in the presence of feedback distortion as they were asked to resist forces produced by a haptic device. Subjects pressed against a simulated spring with the index finger until they reached a target force, which they held for a designated time duration. Visual feedback of the target force level and the designated time duration was provided. On...

BACKGROUND Neck and back pain are common and often account for absenteeism at work. Factors at work as well as fear-avoidance beliefs may influence sick-leave in these patients. The aims of this study were to assess: (1) how sick-listed patients in specialised care perceive demand, control, support, effort, reward, and overcommitment at work compared to a general reference group of workers; (2)...

Diseases characterized by recurrent symptoms with prolonged intervals without any clinical manifestations can pose diagnostic difficulties. Some diagnoses will be obvious but other situations can be very challenging.To nosologically delineate a new entity characterized by recurrent flares of induration of the forearms and legs with swelling of the extremities accompanied by intense fatigue and ...

BACKGROUND Long-term and intensive physical effort causes metabolic and biochemical adaptations for both athletic and non-athletic objectives. Knowing the importance of aerobic training in football players, the aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the activity of: creatinine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), chol...