Fossil resources-free sustainable development can be achieved through a transition to bioeconomy, an economy based on sustainable biomass-derived food, feed, chemicals, materials, and fuels. However, the transition to bioeconomy requires development of new energy-efficient technologies and processes to manipulate biomass feed stocks and their conversion into useful products, a collective term f...

Background—The number of peak expiratory flow (PEF) readings required per day to assess diurnal variation accurately is not known; published studies have used between two and seven PEF readings per day. This study compares the diurnal variation calculated using 2–10 PEF readings per day. Methods—All days with 10 readings were selected from a database of PEF records. For each day, diurnal variat...

Pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment is a promising technology for efficient lipid extraction from microalgae. This study focusses on under-investigated processing parameters, such as media pH, pulse application, and incubation protocols. The yield electroporation level of PEF-treated Auxenochlorella protothecoides were determined at medium pH 3.0 5.0 under variation the pre- or post-PEF time ...

We build a fast video shot retrieval system in the context of the NIST TREC Video 2009 evaluation campaign. We compare our efficient Profile Entropy Features (PEF) to usual features, using various classifiers. These PEF are derived using the projection in the horizontal and vertical orientations. These features are then fed to SVM or KNNG classifiers to produce the keyframe ranks, from which we...

Freeze-drying is one of the most expensive and energy intensive processes applied in food technology. Therefore, there have been significant efforts to reduce freeze-drying time decrease its consumption. The aim this work was analyze effect pulsed electric field (PEF), ultrasound (US), hybrid treatment (PEF-US) compare them with blanching (BL) on kinetics, consumption, greenhouse gasses emissio...

BACKGROUND Ginsenosides are the main pharmacological components of Panax ginseng root, which are thought to be primarily responsible for the suppressing effect on oxidative stress. METHODS 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorption capacity were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the ginsenosides. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293)...

Background: Recent evidence suggests that the frequency response requirements for peak expiratory flow (PEF) meters are higher than was first thought and that the American Thoracic Society (ATS) waveforms to test PEF meters may not be adequate for the purpose. Methods: The dynamic response of mini-Wright (MW), Vitalograph (V), TruZone (TZ), MultiSpiro (MS) and pneumotachograph (PT) flow meters ...

BACKGROUND The "Escort" spirometer is a lightweight, hand held spirometer employing a Fleisch pneumotachograph. Measurements of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) are obtained from a single FVC manoeuvre. Results are displayed on a small liquid crystal display, but there is no graphical display. The performance of the Escor...

BACKGROUND Although individuals of Hispanic ethnicity are at high risk for developing heart failure (HF), little is known about differences between Hispanic HF patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). We compared characteristics, quality of care, and outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients hospitalized for HF with preserved EF (PEF) or reduced EF (REF). ...

Photoelectric dyes absorb light and convert photon energy to electric potentials. To test whether these dyes could be used for retinal prostheses, a simple in vitro screening system was developed. Retinal neurons were cultured from the eyes of chick embryos at the 10-day embryonic stage, at which time no retinal photoreceptor cells have yet developed. Intracellular calcium elevation was observe...