Prions containing misfolded prion protein (PrP(Sc)) can be formed with cofactor molecules using the technique of serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification. However, it remains unknown whether cofactors materially participate in maintaining prion conformation and infectious properties. Here we show that withdrawal of cofactor molecules during serial propagation of purified recombinant prion...

Aligned stacks of monomethyl and dimethyl dimyristoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) lipid bilayers, like the much studied dimyristoyl PC (DMPC) bilayers, swell anomalously in a critical fashion as the temperature is decreased within the fluid phase towards the main transition temperature, T(M). Unlike DMPC bilayers, both monomethyl and dimethyl DMPE undergo transitions into a gel phase rather...

A new test, the Moral Judgment Test-PE (MJT-PE), has good validity but scores on Competence should be used with great care. These scores will differ from those of the original Moral Judgment Test (MJT) because the single dilemma is targeted to the specific population of interest, physical educators. This reduces the variance in such a way that scores on the new test cannot be compared with or i...

The gel-to-fluid and lamellar-to-HII-hexagonal thermotropic phase transitions of egg-yolk phosphatidylethanolamine have been examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy under a variety of conditions, namely excess water at pH 5.0, excess water at pH 9.5 and low hydration. The various lamellar and hexagonal phases have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. At pH 5.0, gel-fluid and lam...

Past event-related potentials (ERPs) research shows that, after exerting effortful emotion inhibition, the neural correlates of performance monitoring (e.g. error-related negativity) were weakened. An undetermined issue is whether all forms of emotion regulation uniformly impair later performance monitoring. The present study compared the cognitive consequences of two emotion regulation strateg...

Eighteen sterols were identified in Botryllus schlosseri, stanols being the main sterols. The sterol composition is in agreement with our recent paper on taxonomic separation of tunicates into three groups. Again we found in invertebrates of the Black Sea sterols with a (22Z)-double bond. This confirms the presence of such sterols in nature. The composition of the phospholipids appeared to be c...

Deconjugation of the Atg8/LC3 protein family members from phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by Atg4 proteases is essential for autophagy progression, but how this event is regulated remains to be understood. Here, we show that yeast Atg4 is recruited onto autophagosomal membranes by direct binding to Atg8 via two evolutionarily conserved Atg8 recognition sites, a classical LC3-interacting region (L...

Bioaugmentation is a promising method of the remediation soils polluted by persistent organic pollutants (POP). Unfortunately, it happens frequently that microorganisms inoculated into soil die out due to presence enzymes secreted autochthonous microorganisms. Especially destructive are here phospholipases C (PLC) and lipases which destruct microorganism's cellular membrane. The composition bac...

Abstract Arabidopsis sepals coordinate flower opening in the morning as ambient temperature rises; however, underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Mutation of one heat shock protein encoding gene, HSP70-16 , impaired sepal stress responses (HSR), disrupting lipid metabolism, especially cuticular lipids, leading to abnormal opening. To further explore, what extent, lipids play ro...