A sensitivity analysis was performed on a sediment-phosphate transport model by determining the phosphate sorption characteristics of separated size fractions and prepared size distributions of fine-grained ( < 64 jum) river sediment typically transported in two southern Ontario streams. The Langmuir equation was used to quantify phosphate release from the sediment. Results of the study indicat...

Wastewater Treatment Plants that make use of anaerobic processes for sludge digestion often have problems with phosphates and ammonia nitrogen “overloads” returned to biological sewage treatment process together with effluents coming from dewatering of digestion sludge. The high concentrations of phosphates and ammonium nitrogen in supernatant constitute 10 – 20 % of entire load brought to biol...

In an effort to improve the understanding of electron transfer mechanisms at the microbe-mineral interface, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 mutants with in-frame deletions of outer-membrane cytochromes (OMCs), MtrC and OmcA, were characterized for the ability to reduce ferrihydrite (FH) using a suite of microscopic, spectroscopic, and biochemical techniques. Analysis of purified recombinant proteins...

Abstract. The sulfidic waste dumps of the historical mining sites Giftkies and Kaňk (Czech Republic) have been exposed to a temperate climate over decades. This exposure generated low-pH conditions caused by metal sulfide decomposition. Tin sulfides stannite–kësterite series [Cu2(Fe,Zn)SnS4] are common Sn minerals in ores at investigated sites. They decompose under acidic oxidizing form situ se...

Metabolite levels in kernels of selected starch-deficient mutants of maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated to gain insight into partitioning of carbohydrate metabolism during kernel development. Several free sugars, hexose phosphates, triose phosphates, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, and pyrophosphate were measured in normal, shrunken, shrunken-2, amylose extender dull waxy, and brittle genotypes, ...

___________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Phosphates are inorganic compounds, based on the element phosphorus, combined with oxygen to form phosphates, the form in which phosphorus is present in nature. Phosphates are essential for plant growth, crops, and human health. Phosphates have been used in processing and preservation of fruits ...

Little is known about the evolutionary origins of metabolism. However, key biochemical reactions of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), ancient metabolic pathways central to the metabolic network, have non-enzymatic pendants that occur in a prebiotically plausible reaction milieu reconstituted to contain Archean sediment metal components. These non-enzymatic reactions could have...

Phosphates along the DNA function as chemical energy frequently used by nucleases to drive their enzymatic reactions. Exonuclease functions as a machine that converts chemical energy of the phosphodiester-chain into mechanical work. However, the roles of phosphates during exonuclease activities are unknown. We employed λ exonuclease as a model system and investigated the roles of phosphates dur...

Voltage-dependent K(+) (Kv) channels require lipid phosphates for functioning. The S4 helix, which carries the gating charges in the voltage-sensing domain (VSD), inserts into membranes while being stabilized by a protein-lipid interface in which lipid phosphates play an essential role. To examine the physical basis of the protein-lipid interface in the absence of lipid phosphates, we performed...

During an attempt to crystallize potassium manganese diiron phosphate KMnFe(2)(PO(4))(3) by the flux method, a new phase, potassium dimanganese iron triphosphate, K(0.53)Mn(2.37)Fe(1.24)(PO(4))(3), was isolated. This phase, whose composition was confirmed by ICP analysis, is isotypic with the alluaudite-like phosphates, thus it exhibits the (A2)(A'2)(A1)(A'1)(A''1)(M1)(M2)(2)(PO(4))(3) general ...