In this study, the effect of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) on morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of Phellinus noxius has been investigated, and the potential antifungal mechanism of PCA against P. noxius was also explored. The results revealed that PCA showed in vitro antifungal potential against P. noxius and completely inhibited P. noxius hyphae at concentrations ...

We redirect attention to contributions to the energization, of the active transport of amino acids in the Ehrlich cell, beyond the known energization, by down-gradient comigration of Na+, beyond possible direct energization by coupling to ATP breakdown, and beyond known energization by exchange with prior accumulations of amino acids. We re-emphasize the uphill operation of System L, and by pri...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacterium that causes both acute and chronic lung disease in susceptible patient populations. P. aeruginosa secretes numerous proteins and secondary metabolites, many of which have biological effects that likely contribute to disease pathogenesis. An unidentified small-molecular-weight factor was previously reported to increase IL-8 release both in vitr...

Six new furan derivatives, named 5-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (1), 1-(5-(2-hydroxypropanoyl)-furan-2-yl)-pentan-3-one (2), 2-hydroxy-1-(5-(1-hydroxypentyl)-furan-2-yl)-propan-1-one (3), 1-(5-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-furan-2-yl)-pentan-1-one (4), 5-(1-hydroxypent-4-en-1-yl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (5) and 5-(3-hydroxypentyl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (6), together with two new na...