to improve the quality of the mcqs, a supervising feedback strategy between the examination constructors and the educational development office of the school of traditional medicine was performed to evaluate the content validity and designation of the course items of the phytotherapy exam for phd students of traditional pharmacy. the efforts resulted in a well-constructed examination.

background: drugs play a strategic role as a health commodity. thus, the supply chain management of drugs is an important issue to reducing costs and thereby improving patient health. objective: this study evaluated the status of drug supply chain management and health reform in the pharmaceutical sector of teaching hospitals in ahvaz, iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out i...

1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. 2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Ajman University of Science and Technology, United Arab Emirates. 3 Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Postgraduate Medicine, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. 4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Phar...

Medical representatives bear the blunt of the significant pressure from the peers and managers to accomplish their market targets which call for an aggressive promotion. This inevitably leads to unethical practices by medical representatives in the sales field. Study of ethic codes influence on ethical behavior of medical representatives in the profession is an under-portrayed component which d...

BACKGROUND Management of asthma involves adherence to medication regimens. Assessing adherence is difficult for health care providers and researchers. Self-reported medication use is subjective, so objective methods of data collection for medication use are frequently used in asthma research. The aim of this project is to examine the concordance between asthma medication pharmacy data culled fr...

Keywords: patenting, ethics, biotechnological inventions, medicine, pharmaceuticals,health
 The progress ofmodern achievements poses new ethical and social challenges to society.Research using biotechnology in medicine pharmacy leads more in-depthknowledge of diseases. With the help biotechnology, it becomes possible treatpreviously incurable It is worth noting that today with possibility ...

The pharmaceutical industry has made it very difficult to know what the clinical trial evidence actually is regarding psychotropics. Consequently, primary care physicians and other front-line practitioners are at a disadvantage when attempting to adhere to the ethical and scientific mandates of evidence based prescriptive practice. This article calls for a higher standard of prescriptive care d...

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “V. Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara 2 Department of Biochemistry, “V. Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara 3 Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “V. Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “V. Babeș” University...

a Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL b University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD c South Suburban College Pharmacy Technician Program, South Holland, IL d Pharmacy Technician Educators Council, Dale, TX e Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA f Pharmacy Technician Certification Board, Washington, DC g American Societ...

Genetic and other biotechnologies are starting to impact significantly upon society and individuals within it. Rose and Novas draw on an analysis of many patient groups to sketch out the broad notion of biocitizenship as a device for describing how the empowered and informed individual, group or network can engage with bioscience. In this paper, we examine critically the notion of biocitizenshi...