BACKGROUND In general, organic solvents are inhibiting many physiological enzymes and alter the behavioural functions, but the available scientific knowledge on laboratory solvent induced organ specific toxins are very limited. Hence, the present study was planned to determine the sub-chronic toxic effects of petroleum ether (boiling point 40-60°C), a laboratory solvent in Sprague-Dawley (SD) r...

A multicontinuum conceptual model is presented and implemented into a three-dimensional, three-phase reservoir simulator, using a generalized multicontinuum modeling approach. The conceptual model, proposed for investigating multiphase flow and displacement through naturally fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs, is based on observation and analysis of geological data, as well as on core example...

concerns related to climate change and security of energy supply is pushing various countries to make strategic energy planning decisions. in this regard, energy system modelling is an appropriate method to find out the utilization of current declining non-renewable energy resources and other possible scenarios. consequently, it is available to consider various aspects of energy system decision...

this research presents a dynamic mathematical system for modeling and simulating the quality management process in construction projects. through sets of cause and effect feedback loops, all factors that internally and externally affect the quality management process are addressed. the proposed system integrates fuzzy logic with system dynamics simulation scheme to consider the uncertainties as...

Wireless devices and systems have been deployed in many communication sectors but have not yet been adequately adapted to harsh industrial environments. Cost effective, reliable and scalable wireless technologies have yet to be introduced in industrial plants, including petroleum plants. At this time, there are very few, if any, cost-effective Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) radios available th...

Simultaneous capillary dominated displacement of the wetting and non-wetting phases are processes of interest in many disciplines including modeling of the penetration of polluting liquids in hydrology or the secondary migration in petroleum reservoir engineering. Percolation models and in particular invasion percolation is well suited to characterize the slow immiscible displaceme...

Road vehicles are a key part of the climate change challenge, representing both an important source of petroleum demand and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide. In the United States, light-duty vehicles (LDVs, i.e., cars and light trucks) alone account for 43% of petroleum demand and 23% of GHG emissions, when fuel production is considered [MacKenzie, 2013]. The United States, Europe, Chin...

In the literature, optimization models deal with planning and scheduling of several subsystems of the petroleum supply chain such as oilfield infrastructure, crude oil supply, refinery operations and product transportation. The focus of the present work is to propose a general framework for modeling petroleum supply chains. As a starting point, processing units are modeled based on the framewor...