BACKGROUND Biliary sludge is associated with gallbladder (GB) dysmotility and mucus hypersecretion suggesting a link between biliary sludge and the formation of GB mucoceles (GBM). If biliary sludge progresses to GBM, treatment to reduce the production and progression of sludge is warranted. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine the course of biliary sludge in dog...

The management of municipal and industrial organic solid wastes has become one the most critical environmental problems in modern societies. Nowadays, commonly used techniques are incineration, composting, landfilling, with former being common for hazardous wastes. An alternative eco-friendly method that offers a sustainable economically viable solution is fast pyrolysis, important thermochemic...

Groundwater is one of our most valuable natural resource. More than 50% of the U.S. population depends on groundwater for domestic use and more than 95% of the rural population is dependent on groundwater. A major portion of industries and agriculture use groundwater. These numbers suggest that the personal and economic health of the nation is dependent on groundwater. Contamination of groundwa...

The regeneration of used oil is one the essential processes for economical, industrial and environmental targets. Used rich hydrocarbons, metals (such as: aluminium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, silicon tin), gasoline, water antifreeze. Due to high increasing rate number cars, there a huge quantity oil. In this study, different brands were involved in extraction adsorption a...

A pot experiment was conducted to measure the phyto-tolerance and accumulation of heavy metals in petroleum oily sludge POS by Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) on soils treated with five different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% w/w) POS. The response plant varied significantly from untreated control among various treatments. growth C. slightly (but not significantly) influenced soil; at relativel...

This study evaluates the application of an anoxic side-stream reactor in the sludge return line of a conventional activated sludge system for the reduction of biomass production. The oxidation-reduction potential was maintained at -150 mV while the applied sludge loading rate was modified by changing the percentage of return sludge treated in this reactor. The observed yield from the convention...

A 2-year sampling campaign was conducted in three wastewater treatment plants of various sizes in the Rome area to assess the occurrence of nutrients and micropollutants among primary, secondary and digested sludge. The primary purpose was to evaluate the quality of different sludge types and their suitability for agricultural use. Primary sludge was consistently more polluted than secondary in...