The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from the cytosol in its content of ions and other small molecules, but it is unclear whether the ER membrane is as impermeable as other membranes in the cell. Here, we have tested the permeability of the ER membrane to small, non-physiological molecules. We report that isolated ER vesicles allow different chemical modification reagents to pass...

In previous chapters, the synthesis of a highly hydrogen selective membrane formed by the deposition of a silica layer on top of a Vycor glass substrate was discussed. In this chapter, the preparation of a composite membrane using a porous alumina support is described. This membrane showed a high hydrogen permeance of the order of 10 mol m s Pa at 873 K with selectivity of hydrogen over CH4, CO...

BACKGROUND Low concentrations of local anesthetics (LAs) suppress cellular excitability by inhibiting voltage-gated Na⁺ channels. In contrast, LAs at high concentrations can be excitatory and neurotoxic. We recently demonstrated that LA-evoked activation of sensory neurons is mediated by the capsaicin receptor TRPV1, and, to a lesser extent by the irritant receptor TRPA1. LA-induced activation ...

We have recently developed genetically encoded cGMP-indicators (cygnets) which have enabled us to study the spatial and temporal dynamics of intracellular cGMP in single cultured cells (1). However, primary mammalian cell types (dissociated cells or acute tissue samples) are often difficult to maintain undifferentiated in culture and the current established methods of introducing molecular repo...

The role of heterotrimeric G proteins in pollen germination, tube growth, and signal transduction of extracellular calmodulin (CaM) was examined in lily pollen. Two kinds of antibodies raised against animal Gzalpha, one against an internal sequence and the other against its N terminus, cross-reacted with the same 41-kD protein from lily pollen plasma membrane. This 41-kD protein was also specif...

Inside Front Cover: Poly(vinyl alcohol)-b-poly(styrene) copolymer (PVA-b-PS) self-assembles in solution, and after coating drying, it forms a semipermeable self-assembled membrane, as demonstrated by Wilfredo Yave co-workers article number 2200875. PVA is the permeable matrix PS acts an impermeable nanodomain. The design of this tailor-made block eliminates use chemical cross-linkers acid catal...

As an adaptation measure to hot environments, this study proposes a cooling method that stores water inside moisture permeable waterproof designed in bag shape and promotes evaporation from its surface. In study, panel made of membrane was set under tent, experiments were conducted verify heat mitigation effects. On sunny day summer, it found the surface temperature decreased by about 7 degrees...