The management of patients who require temporary interruption of oral anticoagulant therapy because of surgery or other invasive procedures is a clinically important topic because of the increasing prevalence of patients who are receiving oral anticoagulants and the availability of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), which allow out-of-hospital perioperative anticoagulation. The optimal mana...

Perioperative outcomes research using anesthesia information management systems (AIMS) is an emerging research method that has not been comprehensively reviewed. This review reports an initial analysis of the use of AIMS for perioperative patient outcomes research from articles published between January 1980 and January 2013. Perioperative patient outcomes research based on AIMS has increased g...

Perioperative beta-blocker therapy has been considered a mainstay of perioperative cardioprotection in patients with or at risk of coronary artery diseases. However, current recommendations for perioperative beta blockade are based mainly on the findings of trials with inadequate methodology and data analysis. The recently published results of the first adequately powered large controlled rando...

OBJECTIVE Review the perioperative management of patients who are scheduled for noncardiac surgery. DATA SOURCE Review of literature (PubMed, MEDLINE). CONCLUSIONS Patients with ischemic heart disease who undergo noncardiac surgery are at significant risk of perioperative cardiac morbidity and mortality. Recent joint guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Asso...

Cardiac complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after non-cardiac surgery. 64 However, the exact nature of perioperative myocardial injury remains elusive and an area of continued debate and controversy. 64 If triggers of perioperative myocardial ischaemic events could be identi®ed, appropriately taken preventive measures might improve perioperative cardiac outcome. Identi®ca...

The number of subjects undergoing major noncardiac surgery who are at risk for perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) is growing worldwide.It has been estimated that 500,000 to 900,000 patients suffer major perioperative cardiovascular complications every year, with consequent heavy, long-term prognostic implications and costs.It is well known that perioperative MIs don't share the same patho...

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the potential for perioperative dysglycaemia (hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia, stress-induced hyperglycaemia, or glucose variability) continue to increase dramatically. The majority of investigations on perioperative glycaemic control focused on critically ill patients and concentrated on goals of therapy, level of intensity of insulin infusion, feed...

Over the last 20 years, the number of older adults requiring surgical interventions has substantially increased and will continue to escalate as the population ages. Perioperative management of older patients poses challenges not encountered in younger individuals. People over 70 years of age are more likely to have multiple comorbidities, physical and cognitive impairments, and reduced cardiac...