In this paper I document and analyze a number of analogical reanalyses due the process of pre-high-vowel “frication” triggered by the Proto-Bantu causative suffix *-i̧-. A first set of complexities arises from the interaction of the causative suffix with applicative *-idand perfective *-ii̧d-e. A second set of complexities derives from the prevocalic gliding of *-ii̧to [y] when this latter is abso...

Based on the definition of “tense” and “aspect”, this review paper intends to compare analyze similarities differences between Arabic English tense aspect categories in terms their forms, functions usage. Moreover, current paper, I propose comparison analysis that account for English. The are based qualitative method which depends solely recent previous research works. In addition, assume there...

A report is made on an experience of teaching a senior-year course on software maintenance, centered around a maintenance project. For the course, students organized themselves into groups and worked on adaptive and perfective maintenance of selected real-world software products. The projects involved such issues as code understanding, requirements engineering, and maintenance design, and dealt...

In this paper I propose a general approach to the study of constraints on cooccurrence of grammatical categories and present one case study of a functionally infelicitous combination from the domain of TAM categories, the present perfective. It is argued that constraints on co-occurrence of particular categories can be accounted for in terms of local markedness and markedness hierarchies. This ...

Temporal for-adverbials and in-adverbials are commonly used as a diagnostics for distinguishing between perfective and imperfective aspect, respectively. We observe that in Czech imperfective verbs may combine with in-adverbials as long as the resulting reading is a bounded ability reading. We argue, in line with van Geenhoven (2004); Zucchi and White (2001), that there is no intrinsic grammati...

Software engineering typically requires more effort in maintenance than in development time. As such, software engineering education needs to actively include software evolution. Teaching software evolution to undergraduate students usually includes the theoretical aspects, but doesn’t normally include the actual implementation. This paper describes the practice of teaching software evolution t...

This paper offers an account for why, cross-linguistically, denying the whole change of state encoded by causative verbs is easier with agent than with causer subjects. It does so by extending the theory of the progressive developed in Varasdi (2014a,b) to non-culminating readings of causative verbs, not only in progressive but also in perfective sentences. It additionally sustains two claims a...

Software evolution and its laws are essential for antifragile system design and development. In this paper we model early-stage perfective and corrective changes to software system architecture in terms of logical operations of expansion and safe contraction on a theory. As a result, we formulate an inference-based notion of property specification resilience for computational systems, intended ...

Abstract Temporal/aspectual morphology often serves as a diagnostic for actional classes. Bantu languages are known their highly developed tense, aspect (and mood) systems. The East Ruvu of Tanzania unusual in that they exhibit decidedly reduced set temporal/aspectual morphemes. This paper contributes to the growing body research on actionality showing despite not being encoded overtly, perfect...