As a rule, the effect of different vehicles on the activity of penicillin has been studied by the determination of the penicillin concentration in plasma and serum. From these data, the necessary deductions as to the clinical usefulness and methods of administration were made. Even if vehicles other than water and saline were used in experimental investigations2 6 no comparison was made with th...

Testing of susceptibility to penicillin G by E-test and sequencing of an internal fragment of the penA gene were done for 43 meningococcal strains. Those strains for which the MIC was >/=0.094 micro g/ml showed mosaic alleles, so 0.094 micro g/ml is suggested as the penicillin G intermediate breakpoint when E-test is used.

Even after many years of research and industrial practice, the production of penicillin G in fed-batch fermentation by Penicillium crysogenum continues to attract research interest. There are many reasons: the commercial and therapeutic importance of penicillin and its derivatives, the complexity of cell growth, and the impact of engineering variables, the last of which are significant in large...

The pharmacokinetics of penicillin G and ampicillin are reviewed as they pertain to their potential use in in vitro therapy.

The prevalence of gonococcal infection of the pharynx in 205 women, 331 heterosexual men, and 11 homosexual men with gonorrhoea was 6.8%, 4.2%, and 27.3% respectively. In only one patient, a heterosexual man, was the pharynx the sole site of infection. Throat symptoms were found in 7% of women, 21% of heterosexual men, and none of the homosexual men. Orogenital contact was reported by 29% of wo...

It is generally acknowledged that a reduction in the sensitivity to penicillin of several gonococcal strains is leading to an increase in therapeutic failures. Since 1963 we have tentatively used ampicillin (Doctacillin 8) to treat gonorrhoea infections in patients in the Copenhagen prisons. The acid stability of ampicillin, the satisfactory absorption of the drug from the gastrointestinal cana...

Penicillin and its analogues have been, and still are, the drugs of choice in the treatment of gonorrhoea in most parts of the world. The United States Centre for Disease Control recommends, as first line single-dose treatment, the use of either aqueous procaine penicillin G (4.8 mega-units intramuscularly as a single-dose with oral probenecid 1 g by mouth) or ampicillin 3.5 g (or amoxycillin 3...

Men and women with uncomplicated gonorrhea were randomly assigned to receive aqueous procaine penicillin G (2,400,000 U for men; 2,400,000 U daily for 2 days for women) or spectinomycin hydrochloride (2.0 g for men; 4.0 g for women). Among men who returned for post-treatment evaluation within 10 days, treatment failures were noted among 16 (20.3%) of 79 men who received penicillin and 8 (9.5%) ...

The antibacterial properties of culture filtrates of Penicillium notatum were discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming,' but the realization of penicillin's full therapeutic potential had to await the contributions of Florey and Chain some twelve years later.2 Although early samples of the penicillin salts produced at Oxford were remarkably potent, they were not very pure,3 and difficulties with...

1 Presented at the Second National Symposium on Recent Advances in Antibiotics Research held in Washington, D. C., April 11-12, 1949, under the auspices of the Antibiotics Study Section, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency. 2 This investigation was supported (in part) by a research grant from the Antibiotics Study Section of the Division of Research Gra...