People with amputation move asymmetrically with regard to kinematics (joint angles) and kinetics (joint forces and moments). Clinicians have traditionally sought to minimize kinematic asymmetries, assuming kinetic asymmetries would also be minimized. A cycling model evaluated locomotor asymmetries. Eight individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation pedaled with 172 mm-length crank arms on...

We sought to determine the relative contributions of cessation of skeletal muscle pumping and withdrawal of central command to the rapid decrease in arterial pressure during recovery from exercise. Twelve healthy volunteers underwent three exercise sessions, each consisting of a warm-up, 3 min of cycling at 60% of maximal heart rate, and 5 min of one of the following recovery modes: seated (ina...

In this review paper three models to calculate mechanical work, the pattern of joint power during steady-state cycling and some theories regarding energy transfer through the joints and coordinative pattern analysis by joint mechanical work distribution will be briefly presented. Finally, there will be a report on the effects of workload, pedaling cadence and saddle height management on joint m...

Computation of muscle excitation patterns that produce coordinated movements of muscle-actuated dynamic models is an important and challenging problem. Using dynamic optimization to compute excitation patterns comes at a large computational cost, which has limited the use of muscle-actuated simulations. This paper introduces a new algorithm, which we call computed muscle control, that uses stat...

Muller, Judy M., Michael J. Davis, Lih Kuo, and William M. Chilian. Changes in coronary endothelial cell Ca21 concentration during shear stressand agonist-induced vasodilation. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H1706–H1714, 1999.—Increases in intraluminal shear stress are thought to cause vasodilation of coronary arterioles by activation of Ca21-dependent endothelial nitric oxide s...

Using highly precise and accurate Monte Carlo simulations of 20,000,000 replications and 102 independent simulation experiments with extremely low simulation errors and total uncertainties, we evaluated the performance of four single outlier discordancy tests (Grubbs test N2, Dixon test N8, skewness test N14, and kurtosis test N15) for normal samples of sizes 5 to 20. Statistical contaminations...

Purpose. To examine the accuracy of intensity and inclinometer output of three physical activity monitors during various sedentary and light-intensity activities. Methods. Thirty-six participants wore three physical activity monitors (ActiGraph GT1M, ActiGraph GT3X+, and StepWatch) while completing sedentary (lying, sitting watching television, sitting using computer, and standing still) light ...

31 The functional coupling of neural circuits between the upper and lower 32 limbs involving rhythmic movements is of interest to both motor control 33 research and rehabilitation science. This coupling can be detected by 34 examining the effect of remote rhythmic limb movement on the modulation 35 of reflex amplitude in stationary limbs. The present study investigated the 36 extent to which rh...

The functional coupling of neural circuits between the upper and lower limbs involving rhythmic movements is of interest to both motor control research and rehabilitation science. This coupling can be detected by examining the effect of remote rhythmic limb movement on the modulation of reflex amplitude in stationary limbs. The present study investigated the extent to which rhythmic leg pedalin...