it has been tried to compare the “price payment method” in iranian law with “principles of international commercial contracts” and “convention on contracts for international sale of goods vienna, 1980” in this study. different law regulations in various countries should be unified in order to extend rapid and insured trusted law relations among the nations and people all over the world because ...

In the next years, the market for low value online content, like music and videos, is expected to grow substantially. To allow “pay-per-use” of such content, micropayment systems are expected to play an important role. Since there are already many competing micropayment systems on the market, customers and merchants are forced to use multiple systems. To overcome the problems associated with us...

Merchants are competing to offer the use of mobile payment to encourage shopping. many mobile payment systems were made available in various locations worldwide; however, they have various drawbacks. This paper proposes a new mobile payment system that discusses the main drawbacks of these systems, namely security and speed of transaction. The proposal is featured by being simple to use by cust...

For further development of electronic commerce, electronic payment systems play an essential role. Many payment schemes have been proposed, but none of them have been accepted as a standard payment system for a variety of reasons. In this paper, we evaluate payment schemes in terms of the three requirements: offline operability, anonymity and transferability. We think these three requirements a...

BACKGROUND The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) of the 2004 UK General Medical Services (GMS) contract links up to 20% of practice income to performance measured against 146 quality indicators. AIM To examine the distribution of workload and payment in the clinical domains of the QOF, and to compare payment based on true prevalence to the implemented system applying an adjusted prevalence...

II HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT OF MASTER’S THESIS Abstract Author: Teppo Halonen Name of thesis: A System for Secure Mobile Payment Transactions Date: 3 January 2002 Pages: 78 Department: Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chair: Tik-110 Supervisor: Professor Teemupekka Virtanen Instructor: M.Sc. Kimmo Rytkönen A need for secure payment methods in the mobile access ch...

Payment and settlement systems support financial transactions through credit, keep records of transactions by adjusting credit balances and require such balances to be periodically reset through settlement. We study the efficient design of financial trades when the payment system can monitor some transactions better than others and when liquidity provision in the form of settlement is costly. E...

The extraordinary growth of interconnected computer network & pervasive trends of using this network as new field for conducting Business process are stimulating the demand for new payment methods. These new methods attain high level of security, speed, privacy, decentralization & internationalization. This seminar surveys the state of art in payment technology & we proposed model for electroni...

This final rule with comment period revises the Medicare hospital outpatient prospective payment system (OPPS) and the Medicare ambulatory surgical center (ASC) payment system for CY 2018 to implement changes arising from our continuing experience with these systems. In this final rule with comment period, we describe the changes to the amounts and factors used to determine the payment rates fo...