Information stored in databases is usually incomplete. Typical sources of partiality are missing information, conflicts that occur when databases are merged, and asking queries against several databases simultaneously. The field of partial information in databases has not received the attention that it deserves. Most work on partial information in databases asks which operations of standard lan...

The present collection addresses a number of issues in the semantic interpretation of modal and temporal expressions. Despite the variety the papers exhibit both in the selection of topics and the choice of formal frameworks, they are interconnected through several overarching themes that are at the centre of much ongoing research. The purpose of this brief introduction is to put the papers int...

Ethical clearance and consent: This study was ethically approved by the Tufts Medical Center/Tufts University Institutional Review Board after meeting the required ethical standards. Every prospective participant was explained the purpose of the research and was requested to participate freely. A consent form containing details of the study regarding main purpose, role of participants, and bene...

We introduce the idea of partial behaviours in user interfaces. A partial behaviour can beguile users, and may be a cause of interaction problems — however, it is possible to identify and remove them early in the design process, making them a useful concept for interaction design. A characterisation of partial behaviours is presented, in terms of a matrix algebra model of interactive systems. W...

One important role of belief systems is to allow us to represent information about a certain domain of inquiry. This paper presents a formal framework to accommodate such information representation. Three cognitive models to represent information are discussed: conceptual spaces (Gärdenfors [2000]), state-spaces (van Fraassen [1991]), and the problem spaces familiar from artificial intelligence...

The technique of reflection is a way to automate proof construction in type theoretical proof assistants. Reflection is based on the definition of a type of syntactic expressions that gets interpreted in the domain of discourse. By allowing the interpretation function to be partial or even a relation one gets a more general method known as “partial reflection”. In this paper we show how one can...

We begin by revisiting partiality in univalent type theory via the notion of dominance. We then perform first steps in constructive computability theory, discussing the consequences of working with computability as property or structure, without assuming countable choice or Markov’s principle. A guiding question is what, if any, notion of partial function allows the proposition “all partial fun...

Neutrosophy, the study of neutralities, is a new branch Philosophy that has applications in many different fields science. Inspired by idea Smarandache introduced NeutroAlgebraicStructures (or NeutroAlgebras) allowing partiality and indeterminacy to be included structures’ operations and/or axioms. The aim this paper combine concept Neutrosophy with hyperstructures theory. In regard, we introdu...