eResearch is a concept or word which has come into vogue in academic research circles since 2000. Fundamentally, it is collaborative and interactive research made possible by the Internet and data and computational grids. But like any other new concept, it can and has been abused and misused by people keen to “jump on the bandwagon”. eResearch presents many challenges, both technical and organi...

procedure is continued after sinus perforation and repair, numerous clinical studies have revealed high rates of sinusitis and implant failure 1,2. Third, the use of bone grafts should be limited in the sinus. The key to inducing new bone formation in the sinus is not bone substitution, but, rather, space maintenance in the new compartment. Bone grafts, as a foreign material, are susceptible to...

John Bothwell [4] examines skeptically the recent claims made about systems biology in terms such as “a revolution” and “paradigm shift”. Indeed in a recent book [17] , the noted physiologist Denis Noble even goes off the edge, calling for fundamental shifts in our philosophical and even linguistic processes to incorporate oriental . Bothwell on the other hand, argues that Systems Biology “shou...

More than a decade ago, multimodality imaging was introduced into clinical routine with the development of the positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) technique. Since then, PET/CT has been widely accepted in clinical imaging and has emerged as one of the main cancer imaging modalities. With the recent development of combined PET/magnetic resonance (MR) systems for clinical ...

1. Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Liver Center Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany 2. Departments of Hepatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark 3. UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK 4. Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, VP, Acade...

As per the Moore's law, the number of transistors that could be placed on a single integrated circuit has been increasing exponentially, and today has reached the stage where the implementation of multiple processor cores on a single chip has become a reality. As a result, the capacity of modern FPGA devices will soon support the implementation of hundreds to thousands of soft microprocessor co...

The emerging use of the TCP/IP communications protocol suite for internetworking has led to a global system of interconnected hosts and networks that is commonly referred to as the Internet. During the last decade, the Internet has experienced a triumphant advance. Projections based on its current rate of growth suggest there will be over one million computer networks and well over one billion ...

All new developments in biology deal with the issue of the complexity of organisms, often pointing out the necessity to update our current understanding. However, it is impossible to think about a change of paradigm in biology without introducing new explanatory mechanisms. I shall introduce the mechanisms of teleonomy and teleology as viable explanatory tools. Teleonomy is the ability of organ...