Proxy system modeling can be used in paleoclimatology to improve the interpretation of paleoclimate data. Existing forward models for climate proxies are somewhat scattered in the literature, making their integration difficult. Further, each model has been coded separately, according to disparate conventions. Here, we present a comprehensive, consistently formatted package of forward models for...

Sediment records from closed-basin lakes in the Northern Great Plains (NGP) of North America have contributed significantly to our understanding of regional paleoclimatology. A high-resolution (near decadal) fossil diatom record from Kettle Lake, ND, USA that spans the last 8500 cal. yr BP is interpreted in concert with percent abundance of aragonite in the sediment as an independent proxy of g...

An established approach to studying interrelations between two non-stationary time series is to compute the ‘windowed’ cross-correlation (WCC). The time series are divided into intervals and the cross-correlation between corresponding intervals is calculated. The outcome is a matrix that describes the correlation between two time series for different intervals and varying time lags. This import...

The universe is not only queerer than we suppose, it is queerer than we can suppose. A dvances in paleoclimatology and paleoecology are producing an ever more detailed picture of the environments in which our species evolved, helping us to understand the processes by which our large brain and its productions—toolmaking, complex social institutions, language, art, religion—emerged. Our large bra...

Abstract. A deeper understanding of past atmospheric circulation variability in the Central Andes is a high-priority topic paleoclimatology mainly because necessity to validate climate models used predict future precipitation trends and develop mitigation and/or adaptation strategies for change scenarios this region. Within context, we here investigate an 18-year firn core drilled at Nevado Ill...

The nine currently recognized species of moa (Order – Dinornithiformes; Bonaparte 1853) suffered extinction soon after New Zealand was settled by humans.  They were the result an evolutionary radiation that produced a unique guild birds giant, and totally wingless evolved in absence non-volant mammals.   Recent advances dating paleoclimatology, compilations data on distributions ...

The 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption in Iceland was one of the largest, terms mass SO2 emitted, high-latitude eruptions last millennium, but seasonal and regional climate response heterogeneous space time. Although did not begin until early June, tree-ring maximum latewood density (MXD) reconstructions from Alaska suggest that entire 1783 summer extraordinarily cold. We use high-resolution quantitati...

Pollen analysis is an important tool in many fields, including pollination ecology, paleoclimatology, paleoecology, honey quality control, and even medicine forensics. However, labour-intensive manual pollen often constrains the number of samples processed or analysed per sample. Thus, there a desire to develop reliable, high-throughput, automated systems. We present method for analysis, based ...

A.1. Background on long memory models. As mentioned in the introduction, long-memory estimation is typically difficult both in theory and in practice; fundamental stochastic analysis research on this question is ongoing. In discrete time series, the long-memory autoregressive moving average (ARMA) and autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) models that are popular in financial econ...