Post-entrapment modifications reduce the reliability of fluid inclusions to determine trapping conditions in rock. Processes that may modify fluid inclusion properties are experimentally identified in this study using synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz with a well-defined composition and density. Modifications are characterized with microthermometry (homogenization and dissolution temperature...

[1] We performed triaxial compressive creep tests to study water weakening of clinopyroxenite in the diffusion creep regime. All tests were carried out on fine-grained samples at confining pressures between 100 and 300 MPa at temperatures of 1321 to 1421 K for water-saturated and 1398 to 1508 K for anhydrous conditions. Samples were prepared by hot-pressing ground powder of Sleaford Bay clinopy...

We study the O(n) loop model on a dynamically triangulated disk, with a new type of boundary conditions, discovered recently by Jacobsen and Saleur. The partition function of the model is that of a gas of self and mutually avoiding loops covering the disk. The Jacobsen-Saleur (JS) boundary condition prescribes that the loops that do not touch the boundary have fugacity n ∈ [−2, 2], while the lo...

Ferric/ferrous ratios have been used to estimate the oxygen fugacity of lavas erupted in 1984 on Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii. Rapidly quenched lavas erupted close to vents are less oxidized than rapidly quenched lavas scooped from lava flows several kilometers away from the vents. These results demonstrate that sampling is of critical importance in determining the oxidation state of lava. The oxi...

Understanding of the geochemistry of the chalcophile elements [i.e., Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, Pd (platinum-group elements), and Au, Cu, Ni] has been informed for at least 20 years by the common assumption that when crust-forming partial melts are extracted from the upper mantle, sulfide liquid in the restite sequesters chalcophile elements until the extent of partial melting exceeds approximately 25% an...

Nucleation rate measurements of water in the presence of nitrogen as a carrier gas are reported at total pressures near 10, 25, and 40 bar, and temperatures of 230 and 250 K. The results were obtained using our pulse-expansion wave tube, particularly suited for high pressure nucleation research. Enhanced fugacity of water vapor in the mixture, due to the presence of nitrogen, was quantitatively...

Nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants that are chemical mixtures often contain compounds that are solids in their pure states. In the environment, weathering processes cause shifts in multicomponent NAPL composition, thereby enriching the NAPL in the less soluble compounds which may result in their eventual solidification. In this paper, we review the thermodynamic theory governing solid–...