Mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) was synthesized from purine and pyrimidine nucleosides in coupling with oxidative phosphorylation using isolated mitochondria. The in vivo synthesized mtRNA was adenine-uracil rich and sedimented at about 20 S by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. A major part of the newly synthesized mtRNA was shown to be poly (A)-containing RNA by the resistance to the digestio...

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition was recently shown to exert no effect on allergen challenge in human asthma, raising serious concerns about the role of the protein in the disease. The present study investigated the role of iNOS in ovalbumin-induced eosinophilia from the perspective of its relationship with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and oxidative DNA damage. A mous...

Palladium-metalated PCN-222 enables the aerobic photo-oxidative cross-condensation of anilines with benzylic amines yielding a series linear and cyclic imines. The reaction is very efficient under mild conditions, which allows isolation simple, yet elusive, intermediates such as 2-(benzylideneamino)aniline 2-(benzylideneamino)phenols. Recyclability studies show excellent activity selectivity af...

A simple and efficient TEMPO-mediated system for aerobic oxidative synthesis of 2-aryl benzoxazoles from readily available primary benzylic hetero amines is presented in one pot. The reaction proceeds through the ring-opening followed by condensation with benzylamines. These metal-free, straightforward reactions worked well a wide range substrates, yielding moderate to good yields under mild co...

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a widespread disabling disorder comprising peripheral nerves' damage. DN develops on a background of hyperglycemia and an entangled metabolic imbalance, mainly oxidative stress. The majority of related pathways like polyol, advanced glycation end products, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, hexosamine, and protein kinase c all originated from initial oxidative stress. To da...

We studied the molecular composition of muscle mitochondria to evaluate whether the contents of cytochromes or adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) or phospholipid acyl compositions reflect differences in mitochondrial oxidative capacities. We isolated mitochondria from three vertebrates of similar size and preferred temperature, the rat (Rattus norvegicus), the cane toad (Bufo marinus) and the...

While elemental sulfur has been largely used as oxidant or sulfurating agent, its role a catalyst not developed. We report here catalytic activity in the oxidative condensation of o-phenylenediamines with acetophenones DMSO to provide quinoxalines. The method was also extended α-tetralones, propiophenones (R=Me) well higher homologues (R=Et, n-Pr) place acetophenones, leading wide range naphtho...

It has been documented in in vitro studies that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are capable of inducing oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in ZnO NP-mediated apoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of apoptosis in neurocytes induced by ZnO NP exposure was not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of apoptosis provoked by ZnO NPs in...

Citreoviridin, asteltoxin and aurovertin B are members of a group of mycotoxins which act as inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation in rnitochondria. The biosynthetic origin of the carbon skeleton of these metabolites was studied by incorporation of 13C—labelled precursors: [l—'3C]—, [2—'3C]—, [l,2—'3C2]—, [l—'3C,2—2H3—, and 12—'3C,2—2H3]acetate, (25)—[methyl— 13C ]methionine and [1— 3C]— and ...

Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid saponin found abundantly in legumes and yams, is a precursor of various synthetic steroidal drugs. Diosgenin is studied for the mechanism of its action in apoptotic pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Based on DAPI staining, diosgenin-treated cells manifested nuclear shrinkage, condensation, and fragmentation. Treatment of HepG2 cells with 4...