The unique contribution of the Israeli high-risk study is the comparison of children at risk for schizophrenia with matched controls in two settings: those raised in nuclear families in towns, and those raised in children's houses on kibbutzim. Such a design makes possible direct comparison of genetic and environmental effects on the psychosocial functioning of a group of high-risk children, ov...

Risks of serious hereditary damage in the first and second generations after low level radiation exposure and at equilibrium were calculated by using a doubling dose of 100 rem (based on experimental work with the mouse) and by considering separately the various categories of genic and chromosomal defect. Prenatal lethality has not been included. It is estimated that after the exposure of a pop...

Research on the prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has focused on renal survival, with little information being available on patient survival. Hence, this investigation aimed to explore long-term patient outcome in IgAN patients. Clinical and pathological characteristics at the time of renal biopsy were reviewed in 1,364 IgAN patients from 1979 to 2008. The outcomes were patient death and end ...

We consider adaptive finite element methods for second-order elliptic PDEs, where the arising discrete systems are not solved exactly. For contractive iterative solvers, we formulate an algorithm which monitors and steers mesh-refinement as well inexact solution of systems. prove that proposed strategy leads to linear convergence with optimal algebraic rates. Unlike prior works, however, focus ...

The number of nonpermanent employees is rising, but mortality in this group has received little attention. The authors examined the associations between temporary employment and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Longitudinal data from 10 towns in Finland related to 26,592 men and 65,759 women, of whom 1,332 died between 1990 and 2001. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, occu...

OBJECTIVE The European Society of Cardiology's prevention guideline suggests that the risk of total (fatal plus non-fatal) cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be calculated from the risk of CVD mortality using a fixed multiplier (3×). However, the proposed multiplier has not been validated. We investigated the ratio of total CVD to CVD mortality in a large population-based cohort. METHODS CVD mo...