We present two ways in which the model L(R) is canonical assuming the existence of large cardinals. We show that the theory of this model, with ordinal parameters, cannot be changed by small forcing; we show further that a set of ordinals in V cannot be added to L(R) by small forcing. The large cardinal needed corresponds to the consistency strength of ADL(R); roughly ω Woodin cardinals.

. AbstrAct Objective. In clinical practice, core material can be exposed after adjustments, which may result in loss of ceramic glaze. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the flexural strength and fracture toughness of In-Ceram zirconia core material. Materials and methods. Forty In-Ceram zirconia specimens were prepared and divided into two main groups...

The irregularity strength of a simple graph is the smallest integer k for which there exists a weighting of the edges with positive integers at most k such that all the weighted degrees of the vertices are distinct. In this paper we study the irregularity strength of circulant graphs of degree 4. We find the exact value of the strength for a large family of circulant graphs. © 2005 Elsevier B.V...

In this paper we extend a previous definition of gradual dependence as a special kind of (crisp) association rule, in order to measure not only the existence of a tendency, but its strength. The new proposal is based on the idea of fuzzy association rule and the definition of variation strength in the degree of fulfilment of an imprecise property by different objects. We study the new semantics...

Using the core model K we determine better lower bounds for the consistency strength of some combinatorial principles: I. Assume that A is a Jonsson cardinal which is ‘accessible’ in the sense that at least one of (l)-(4) holds: (1) A is a successor cardinal; (2) A = oE and 6 <A ; (3) A is singular of uncountable cofinality; (4) A is a regular but not weakly hyper-Mahlo.Then Ot exists. II. For ...

Part I of this three-part paper describes the various steps that led to the development of a class of high performance short steel fibre-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) which has been patented under the trade name CARDIFRC1. This class of materials generally contains no coarse aggregates and is characterised by high tensile/ flexural strength and high toughness. A method is propose...

This paper presents a perspective on the impact and use of new media that focuses on the strength of the interpersonal tie connecting communicators. Research shows that more strongly tied pairs communicate more frequently, maintain more and different kinds of relations, and use more media to communicate. It is argued that where ties are strong, communicators adapt their use of media and expand ...

Using the analysis developed in our earlier paper [ADK], we show that every uncountable cardinal in Gitik’s model of [Git80] in which all uncountable cardinals are singular is almost Ramsey and is also a Rowbottom cardinal carrying a Rowbottom filter. We assume that the model of [Git80] is constructed from a proper class of strongly compact cardinals, each of which is a limit of measurable card...