Fresh produce increasingly is recognized as an important source of salmonellosis in the United States. In December 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention detected a nationwide increase in Salmonella serotype Newport (SN) infections that had occurred during the previous month. SN isolates recovered from patients in this cluster had indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis...

BACKGROUND Influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks have become common at schools in China since 2009. However, the effects of common countermeasures for school influenza outbreak have not been quantified so far, including isolation, vaccination, antivirus and school closure. We conducted a mathematically modeling study to address this unsolved issue. METHODS We collected data of all small-scale school o...

Background: There were many cases with symptoms, suggestive of hepatitis in Ner village of Dhule district during 2012. Aims: To investigate and control the outbreak of hepatitis in a village community. Material and Methods: The cases were identified by a survey in the community. The suspected cases were interviewed by a pre-defined & structured schedule. Those identified cases were clinically e...

BACKGROUND Bronchofiberscopy, a widely used procedure for the diagnosis of various pulmonary diseases within intensive care units, has a history of association with nosocomial infections. Between September and November 2009, an outbreak caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-Ab) was observed in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Beijing, China. This study...

OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective outbreak control strategy for school-based measles outbreaks as the proportion of children with two doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) increases. SETTING A school-based measles outbreak during 1996 involving 63 cases in Juneau, Alaska (population 29 288), where systematic revaccination with MCV was not implemented. DESIGN A retrospective eval...

conclusions respiratory disease, musculoskeletal pain, headache, and digestion problems were among the most important reasons of patients' referral to physicians in times of hajj. the mentioned complications could be prevented through correct trainings and conforming to health recommendations in times of hajj. results in general, medical data of 107074 cases had been registered in this software...

conclusions addressing and removing explainable patterns of syndromic data on meningitis is necessary to timely and accurately detection of meningitis epidemics. it was concluded that decomposition methods had better performance compared to the model based ones. background meningitis is one of the most disturbing infectious diseases due to mortality, morbidity and its ability to cause epidemic....

PURPOSE This study was aimed to describe a vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) outbreak across three intensive care units (ICUs) of a Korean hospital from September 2006 to January 2007 and the subsequent control strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We simultaneously implemented multifaceted interventions to control the outbreak, including establishing a VRE cohort ward, active rectal surveil...

background and objective: over 165 million cases of shigellosis occur in the world each year, mostly in developing countries. outbreaks of shigellosis are associated with poor sanitation, natural calamities, contaminated food and crowded living conditions. in late summer 2006, during the final stage of an outbreak of shigellosis at a vast region of isfahan province, naein & ardestan, our labora...

measles is a highly contagious viral disease that remains an important cause of mortality among children despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine around the world. we aimed this study to show a measles out-break occurring.in early 2012, a report of measles outbreak was recorded on center for disease control (cdc) of fars province, south of iran. with this case-series study, char...