Objectives. This study aims to analyze the cost of patient care among ORL-HNS patients admitted in a tertiary,teaching government hospital low- middle-income country.Methods. is prevalence-based, prospective, bottom-up, cost-of-illness analysis theDepartment Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery tertiary training from July 2021 March 2022. The value assessment method used human capital appr...

Ingestion of a foreign body is a problem seen in nearly all otolaryngologic practices. One of the least common complications of foreign-body ingestion is penetration and migration, which may lead to serious morbidity or even death. We report the findings of a retrospective review of a series of 5 patients who had presented with a complete foreign-body penetration. All of them had radiologic evi...

The diagnosis and management of occipital-atlantal and atlantoaxial instability in Down syndrome patients is a challenging problem in pediatric spine surgery. To date, no systematic review of this topic has been presented on this confusing and sometimes contentious issue. This topic review will focus on the biomechanical and radiographic foundations for which treatment recommendations in Down s...

BACKGROUND Reusable nasal-spray devices are frequently used in otolaryngologic examinations, and there is an increasing concern about the risk of cross-contamination from these devices. The aim of our study was to determine, by means of microbiologic analysis, the safety of a positive-displacement or pump-type atomizer after multiple uses. METHODS A reusable nasal spray bottle, pump, and tips...

The cause of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss is diverse, comprising genetic, acquired, and idiopathic conditions. Identifying the specific cause requires that children undergo thorough otolaryngologic and audiometric evaluations, which generally include laboratory tests and temporal bone imaging studies. Clinical genetics and ophthalmologic consultations are also frequently warranted. A se...