Osmoregulation is a physiological adjustment mechanism of fish to environmental conditions. Fish growth performance will reduce when large amount energy redirected for the osmoregulation process. The purpose this study was determine osmotic work level (OWL), pattern, condition factor (K), gonad maturity stages (GMS) and analyze relationship between OWL with GMS tilapia collected from three floa...

GH is known to play an important role in both growth promotion and osmoregulation in vertebrates. We have shown that amphioxus possesses a single GH-like hormone (GHl) gene encoding a functional protein capable of promoting growth. However, if GHl can mediate osmoregulation remains open. Here, we demonstrated clearly that GHl increased not only the survival rate of amphioxus but also the muscle...

EnvZ is a cytoplasmic membrane protein which is involved in osmoregulatory expression of the ompF and ompC genes in Escherichia coli possibly by sensing the environmental osmotic signal. A truncated form of the EnvZ protein (EnvZ*), comprising 82% of EnvZ starting from the C terminus, was purified to homogeneity. The purified EnvZ* was autophosphorylated with ATP. The phosphoryl group on EnvZ* ...

In the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, establishment of cell polarity and cytokinesis are both dependent upon reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in the cyk-3 gene cause maternal effect embryonic lethality. Embryos produced by homozygous cyk-3 mutant animals become multinucleate. We have further analyzed the cyk-3 mutant phenotype and have found that cyk-3 mutant embryos fa...

Euryhaline crustaceans cope with external salinity changes by mechanisms of osmoregulation. In the current study, we first cloned and confirmed ORF sequences ion-transportation-related genes Na+/K+-ATPase ? subunit (NKA?), cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase (CAc), V-type H+-ATPase G (VHA-G), water channels aquaporins (AQP3, AQP4, AQP11) from kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus). Further tissue ex...