Objective: The purpose of this editorial is to alert otolaryngologists to Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders (OMDs) and their primary causes of airway interferences including allergies. An understanding of the variety of OMDs should facilitate improved communications between otolaryngologists and orofacial myologists. Method: OMDs are identified, and the dental alignment and other consequences o...

BACKGROUND The association between the risk of orofacial clefts in infants and the use of corticosteroids during pregnancy is unclear from the available evidence. We conducted a nationwide cohort study of all live births in Denmark over a 12-year period. METHODS We collected data on all live births in Denmark from Jan. 1, 1996, to Sept. 30, 2008. We included live births for which information ...

INTRODUCTION The evaluation of orofacial damage is an emerging branch in the forensic sciences, specifically in forensic odontology and medicine. One of the major limitations during the evaluation of forensic orofacial damages is establishing the consolidation date of acquired lesions. The consolidation date is defined as the moment from which orofacial damages are considered irreversible. AI...

introduction : tardive dyskinesia is one of the major side effects of long-term neuroleptic treatment. increased reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress has been proposed as possible etiopathologic mechanisms. ginkgo biloba extract (egb) is a natural antioxidant. we investigated the effects of ginkgo biloba extract on neuroleptic-induced orofacial dyskinesia in rats, a potential animal mod...

The Arnold-Chiari malformation is a congenital abnormality of CNS, characterized by downward displacement the parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into the spinal canal. This malformation is one of causative factor of death in neonates and infants. A thorough understanding of the direct and indirect sonographic findings is necessary for diagnosis of Chiari II ma...

This article reviews four of the involuntary hyperkinetic motor disorders that affect the orofacial region: bruxism, orofacial dystonia, oromandibular dyskinesia, and medication-induced extrapyramidal syndrome-dystonic reactions. It discusses and contrasts the clinical features and management strategies for spontaneous, primary, and drug-induced motor disorders in the orofacial region. The arti...

BACKGROUND Orofacial granulomatosis is a clinical entity presenting with swelling of the facial and/or oral tissues in association with histologic evidence of noncaseating granulomatous inflammation. Labial swelling is the most common finding. Compromise of the gingival and periodontal tissues may occur but has rarely been described in the literature. Our objective was to characterize granuloma...