We investigate the optimization and evaluation of queries with universal quantification in the context of the object-oriented and object-relational data models. The queries are classified into 16 categories depending on the variables referenced in the so-called range and quantifier predicates. For the three most important classes we enumerate the known query evaluation plans and devise some new...

This study examined the effects of input-oriented and output-oriented tasks with different involvement load indices on Iranian EFL learners' comprehension and production of lexical collocations. To achieve this purpose, a sample of 180 intermediate-level EFL learners (both male and female) participated in the study. The participants were in six experimental groups. Each of the groups was random...

Discussions derived from epistemology and its sub-branches are of the most important theoretical grounds affecting theoretical basis of art schools in particular architecture styles. During recent decades, two approaches of epistemology have been reciprocally shaped to know how one can paraphrase the meaning of physical environment. In the first approach, the audience and his knowledge are main...

It is urgent to construct an urban anti-terrorism oriented air ground integrated unmanned reconnaissance equipment system. Base on the background of application, this paper focuses main challenges faced by construction system, and puts forward relevant countermeasures suggestions.

background: all humans are searching ways to promote mental health. mental health is vital for having a healthy life. some believe that mental health means lack of mental disorders. positive psychology emphasizes on issues such as hope, wisdom, creativity, spirituality, thinking about future and having purpose in life instead of psychopathology aspects. the purpose of this study was to investig...

a new antagonistic discourse has been formed among intellectuals, in the intellectual history of the world.  some anti-british, and after september 1941 anti-american activities are evident among iranian intellectuals under the rule of pahlavi i. the westerns' anti-west beliefs disclose the unjust behavior of west in contrast to non-westerns, what chamskey introduces as one of intellectual...

emphasizing collective memory and based on bakhtin's idea of the dialogical principle and multi-voice novelistic discourse, as well as considering the idea of the perspectival truth of historical fact, the present paper deals with the capacity of the history-oriented novel genre in introducing multiple perspectives of history. such an emphasize and description can be connected to analyzing...