The variety of γ-ray burst phenomenology could be largely attributable to differences in the opening angle of an isotropic outflow or to a standard type of event viewed from different orientations. Motivated by this currently popular idea, we study the effects of varying the energy per unit solid angle in the unsteady expelled outflow by an increase either in the bulk Lorentz factor or in the b...

A micromechanics approach is proposed to calculate the stress-strain relationship of a polycrystalline Fe-Pd ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. It is modeled as consisting of spherical grains, which are grouped according to their orientations with respect to the loading axis. Therefore, the internal stress and elastic energy are accumulated as straining proceeds due to the strain differences bet...

In this study, we have fabricated nano-scaled oxide structures on GaAs substrates that are doped in different conductivity types of p- and n-types and plane orientations of GaAs(100) and GaAs(711), respectively, using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip-induced local oxidation method. The AFM-induced GaAs oxide patterns were obtained by varying applied bias from approximately 5 V to approximat...

The in-vivo mechanical response of neural tissue during impact loading of the head is simulated using geometrically accurate finite element (FE) head models. However, current FE models do not account for the anisotropic elastic material behaviour of brain tissue. In soft biological tissue, there is a correlation between internal microscopic structure and macroscopic mechanical properties. There...

This work presents a basic framework for constructing a 3D analytical MRI phantom in the Fourier domain. In the image domain the phantom is modeled after the work of Kak and Roberts on a 3D version of the famous Shepp-Logan head phantom. This phantom consists of several ellipsoids of different sizes, orientations, locations, and signal intensities (or gray levels). It will be shown that the k-s...

Irregular lighting causes temporal variations of image intensities, which makes most existing block matching techniques ineffective. For this, we propose a novel matching technique based on gradient orientation that is known to be insensitive to variations of intensities. We show that gradient orientation information can be effectively utilized by means of two intensity patterns that are obtain...

An approach is demonstrated for growing aligned ZnO nanowire/nanorod arrays following a predesigned pattern and feature with controlled site, shape, distribution, and orientation. The technique relies on an integration of atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomachining with catalytically activated vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth. The pattern and growth locations are defined by the catalyst distribu...

Aspect-oriented programming is an extension to object-orientation with the goal of separating the concerns of domain logic from application logic. The essay aims at looking at aspect-oriented from a theoretical perspective, trying to place it within the existing framework provided by object-orientation. The first section is an introduction to objectorientation. Here I will present the most comm...

We compared the orientation of the acetabular component obtained by a conventional manual technique with that using five different navigation systems. Three surgeons carried out five implantations of an acetabular component with each navigation system, as well as manually, using an anatomical model. The orientation of the acetabular component, including inclination and anteversion, and its posi...

This study compared two Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) methods in 212 total knee arthroplasties to evaluate the differences between anatomic landmark axes in determining rotational position of the femoral component. Overall, there were large variations between CAS defined component orientation using an optimized gap-balancing technique and component orientation using anatomic reference axes (r...