The transfer of pesticides from agricultural soils to food and drinking water is a major health issue. There are actually few robust methods identify, characterize quantify the dissipation in complex media such as soils, waters sediments. Here, we review multi-elemental compound-specific isotope analysis study sources transformations soils. First, discuss advanced extraction purification techni...

Enzyme-based Detoxification of Organophosphorus Neurotoxic Pesticides and Chemical Warfare Agents. (December 2007) Rory James Kern, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. James Wild There are some 15,000 known organophosphorus chemicals. Some of these OP’s, including VX and paraoxon, demonstrate an acute neurotoxicity due to the inhibition of cholinergic enzymes. Organophos...

objective the extensive pollution of natural ecosystems has occurred by organophosphorus pesticides, being used for improvement of crop production in agriculture. biodegradation is interested in application of multifunctional bacteria containing genetical elements which specially degrade organophosphorus compounds. in this paper the detection of two bacteria species, pseudomonas and flavobacter...

A soil bacterium capable of metabolizing organophosphorus compounds by reducing the P S group in the molecules was taxonomically identified as Klebsiella sp. strain F51-1-2. The gene involved in the reduction of organophosphorus compounds was cloned from this strain by the shotgun technique, and the deduced protein (named AKR5F1) showed homology to members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) super...

Studies on the currently used organophosphorus insecticides with respect to their environmental levels and effective remediation technologies for their residues in water have been considered as a source of major concern. This study was carried out to monitor the presence of organophosphorus in drinking water plants (Kafr-El-Shiekh, Ebshan, Elhamoul, Mehalt Aboali, Fowa, Balteem and Metobess) in...

Organophosphorus compounds, used as insecticides and agents of chemical warfare, are a major global cause of health problems. These irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterase produce three well-recognised clinical entities: the initial cholinergic phase, which is a medical emergency often requiring management in an intensive care unit; the intermediate syndrome, during which prolonged ventilator...