Following on from the companion study (Johnson et al., 2006), a photochemical trajectory model (PTM) has been used to simulate the chemical composition of organic aerosol for selected events during the 2003 TORCH (Tropospheric Organic Chemistry Experiment) field campaign. The PTM incorporates the speciated emissions of 124 nonmethane anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and three repr...

Chemical physics is a subdiscipline of chemistry and physics that investigates physicochemical phenomena using techniques from atomic and molecular physics. The term was first used by professor A. Eucken in 1930. The main branches of chemical physics are studies of electronic and molecular structure, spectral properties of chemical substances and dynamic behavior of chemical processes. The chai...

different resource of fertilizers had an effect on grain yield, oil and grain quality. information regarding the effect of simultaneous application of organic, chemical and biological fertilizers on canola (brassica napus l.) traits is not available. in order to study the effect of different systems of soil fertility on grain yield and quality of canola (talayeh cultivar), an experiment was con...

Agrochemical is evolved by the contraction and combination of words agricultural and chemical, and is a generic term used for the various chemical products typically used in agriculture. Agrochemicals essentially help in intensifying crop production and to reduce the effects of pests and parasites on farm animals. Agrochemical basically refers to the broad range of pesticides and fertilizers. A...

Cropping systems in farmland areas of Iran are characterized by continuous cultivation of crops with consumption of chemical fertilizers leading to serious soil erosion and fertility decline. Information regarding the simultaneous evaluation of crop rotation and fertilization on the canola traits is not available. Therefore, an experiment was conducted during 2007 2010. Experimental designs wer...

the paper aimed to assess the factors affecting the willingness of tomato producer to produce organic products in alborz province in crop year 2010-11. the collected data was analysis by descriptive analysis and logit econometrics model. the results of descriptive analysis showed among 90 respondents, 42.2% willing for conversion to organic agriculture.  the results of logit model estimation in...

Efforts to achieve the decomposition of carbon tetrachloride through anaerobic and aerobic bioremediation and chemical transformation have met with limited success because of the conditions required and the formation of hazardous intermediates. Recently, particles of zero-valent iron (ZVI) have been used with limited success for in situ remediation of carbon tetrachloride. We studied a modified...

BACKGROUND An optimal valorization of plant biomasses to produce biofuels requires a good knowledge of the available contents and molecular composition of the main chemical components, which changes with the harvesting date. Therefore, we assessed the influence of harvesting date on the chemical characteristics of various energy crops in the context of their conversion to biofuels. RESULTS We...

This article describes a chemical characterization approach for complex organic compound mixtures associated with fine atmospheric particles of diameters less than 2.5 m (PM2.5). It relates molecular- and bulk-level chemical characteristics of the complex mixture to atmospheric chemistry and to emission sources. Overall, the analytical approach describes the organic complex mixtures in terms of...

The microstructures, the chemical composition and the soluble organic matrices of the aragonitic crossed lamellar layers of the shells of six species of molluscs have been studied. The microstructures and chemical contents are similar, whereas the quantities of organic matrices are variable. All the soluble matrices are glycoproteins, with low S contents. Their molecular weights, the protein-su...