BACKGROUND: The study is of practical importance for policy makers and family planning (FP) program managers as the profile FP method-mix with a shift from mechanical method intrauterine devices (IUD) to hormonal methods such oral contraceptives (OCs) injectables predicts critical situation maternal child health reflects shortcomings in service delivery program. AIM: purpose current was identif...

Background and Purpose—The association between combined oral contraceptives (OC) use and increased risk of stroke has been reported. While progestogen-only contraceptives (POC) are commonly used worldwide, their impact on cardiovascular disease remains unclear. Methods—A meta-analysis based on EMBASE and MEDLINE referenced literature corresponding to OCs marketed since 1960 was carried out. Eli...

background and aims. changes in the balance of sexual hormones during pregnancy decrease gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-6 and the resistance of gingival tissue against inflammations. hormonal contraceptives are agents that are based on the effects of gestational hormones and simulate a state of pregnancy; therefore, they prevent ovulation. this study evaluates the effect of the...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association between combined oral contraceptives (OC) use and increased risk of stroke has been reported. While progestogen-only contraceptives (POC) are commonly used worldwide, their impact on cardiovascular disease remains unclear. METHODS A meta-analysis based on EMBASE and MEDLINE referenced literature corresponding to OCs marketed since 1960 was carried out. E...

contraceptives We have recently reviewed two studies,1 a cohort study conducted in Denmark,2 and a case-control study conducted in The Netherlands,3 in which it was claimed that the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among users of oral contraceptives (OCs) containing desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone and cyproterone is greater than among users of levonorgestrelcontaining OCs. We concluded...

contraceptives We have recently reviewed two studies,1 a cohort study conducted in Denmark,2 and a case-control study conducted in The Netherlands,3 in which it was claimed that the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among users of oral contraceptives (OCs) containing desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone and cyproterone is greater than among users of levonorgestrelcontaining OCs. We concluded...

contraceptives We have recently reviewed two studies,1 a cohort study conducted in Denmark,2 and a case-control study conducted in The Netherlands,3 in which it was claimed that the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among users of oral contraceptives (OCs) containing desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone and cyproterone is greater than among users of levonorgestrelcontaining OCs. We concluded...

BACKGROUND Findings on potential interactive effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on breast cancer risk have been inconsistent. We aimed to use population-based cohort data to determine whether former use of OCs affects breast cancer risk among HRT users, taking into account regimens of HRT, duration and currency of use. METHODS The cohort consisted of 16...

Recent concern about the safety of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) with third-generation progestagens prompted an examination of data from a population-based case-control study (Leiden Thrombophilia Study). We compared the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) during use of the newest OCs, containing a third-generation progestagen, with the risk of "older" products. We also investigated the inf...

based on epidemiologic data, women who take oral contraceptives seem to have an increased risk of developing thromboembollic disease. the thrombotic effects of oral contraceptive (oc) are probably mediated, at least partly through their effects on the coagulation system. plasma levels of several clotting factors have been shown to be elevated in oc users, and this increase is graduated accordin...