INTRODUCTION The ocular disease glaucoma is the second most common source of blindness worldwide. Gradual, irreversible vision loss is a result of nerve damage in the optic nerve head; a collagen structure that provides support for the optic nerve and blood vessels that enter the posterior of the eye [1]. Glaucoma is clinically known to be correlated with high levels of intraocular pressure fro...

AIM To evaluate the morphology of the optic nerve head in an unselected population group in south India. METHODS The study included 70 subjects forming a population based sample, selected in a random manner. Mean age was 47.5 (SD 8.7) years, mean refractive error measured -0.07 (1.11) dioptres (range -4.50 to +2.50 dioptres). Optic disc slides were morphometrically analysed. RESULTS Mean op...

Glaucoma is one of the major causes of preventable blindness in the world. It induces nerve damage to the optic nerve head via increased pressure in the ocular fluid. It is presently detected either by regular inspection of the retina, measurement of the Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) or by a loss of vision. It has been observed that nerve damage precedes the latter two events and that direct obse...

To cite: Ambiya V, Kuppermann BD, Narayanan R. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2014208374 DESCRIPTION Retinal astrocytic hamartomas are rare benign tumours that can arise from any location in the retina or from the optic nerve head. Multifocal and bilateral lesions are likely to be associated with tuberous sclerosis and neurofibromatosis 2 but are ...

PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) is a sensitive approach for measuring of age-related ocular changes in experimental pigmentary glaucoma. METHODS Four groups of light-adapted mice were studied using MEMRI: young (2-3 months), C57BL/6 (negative controls), and DBA/2J mice and aged (10-11 months) C57BL/6 and DBA/2J mice. In all mice, eye p...

AIM To evaluate the ability of confocal scanning laser tomography of the optic nerve head to detect glaucomatous optic nerve damage in ocular hypertensive eyes without visual field defects. METHODS The study included 50 normal subjects, 61 glaucoma patients with glaucomatous changes in the optic disc and visual field, and 102 "preperimetric" patients with increased intraocular pressure, norma...

A 42-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic with a complaint of glare in both eyes. Biomicroscopic examination of both the eyes revealed iris and lens colobomas in the inferior quadrant. Fundus examination of the right eye revealed an oval and gray inferotemporal optic pit and two choroid colobomas in the inferior quadrant. In the left eye, two choroid colobomas were detected that were infer...

We used the laser Doppler technique to determine the relation between age and the speed of blood cells moving through the capillaries of the optic nerve head. We studied 22 normal human volunteers ranging in age from 16-76 years. The results were best described by a statistically significant quadratic relationship between capillary blood speed and age. Blood speeds were lowest in the youngest a...

PURPOSE Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) promotes gene expression, cell survival and differentiation in various types of peripheral and central neurons, glia and nonneural cells. The level of CNTF rises rapidly upon injury to neural tissue, suggesting that CNTF exerts its cytoprotective effects after release from cells via mechanisms induced by cell injury. The purpose of this study was to de...

Managing pediatric head trauma with elevated intracranial pressure in the acute setting can be challenging. Bedside ocular ultrasound for measuring optic nerve sheath diameters has been recently proposed as a portable noninvasive method to rapidly detect increased intracranial pressure in emergency department patients with head trauma. Prior study data agree that the upper limit of normal optic...