It is still unclear how sensory systems efficiently encode signals with statistics as experienced by animals in the real world and what role adaptation plays during normal behavior. Therefore, we studied the performance of visual motion-sensitive neurons of blowflies, the horizontal system neurons, with optic flow that was reconstructed from the head trajectories of semi-free-flying flies. To t...

We introduce a novel method of modeling PLZT phase modulators. Traditionally, modeling has been based upon fitting the constant quadratic electro-optic coefficient to empirical data. Our characterization has shown that the electro-optic coefficient is not a constant and that the electro-optic effect saturates at electric field strengths that exist in standard surface electrode device configurat...

Attended stimuli typically evoke larger event-related potentials (ERPs) than unattended stimuli. We previously reported an exception when an optic-flow pattern is interleaved with stationary dots. Reversals of motion direction evoked a larger N200 peak when attention was directed to the stationary dots. We replicated and further characterized this result: the N200 enhancement was eliminated whe...

We show that the proliferation of astrocytes in the developing rodent optic nerve absolutely depends on axons and that this axonal influence depends on axonal transport but not on axonal electrical activity. We also show that purified retinal ganglion cells stimulate DNA synthesis in optic nerve astrocytes in culture and that the effect can be mimicked by fibroblast growth factor but not by neu...

Based on the optical characteristics of PLZT (Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate) electro-optic ceramic, two kinds of electro-optical deflectors, triangular electrode structure and optical phased array technology, are studied in detail by using transverse electro-optic effect. Theoretically, the electro-optic deflection characteristics and mechanisms of the deflectors are analyzed; experimentall...

Liquid sealing is an effective method to convert a fiber-optic refractometer into a simple and highly sensitive temperature sensor. A refractometer based on the thin-core fiber modal interferometer is sealed in a capillary tube filled with Cargille oil. Due to the thermo-optic effect of the sealing liquid, the high refractive-index sensitivity refractometer is subsequently sensitive to the ambi...

Aim To define direct anatomical relations of the sphenoidal (alae minores), ethmoidal sinuses and optic nerve, with an emphasis on determining the effect of age on pneumatisation and dehiscence. Methods This retrospective, descriptive study involved 60 consecutive patients: 30 patients younger than 30 and30 patients older than 60 years of age. All patients underwent computerized tomography(CT)....

purpose: to determine the effect of induced myopia and hyperopia using soft contact lenses on optic disc parameters measured by fourier domain optical coherence tomography (fd-oct) in emmetropic persons. methods: in a quasi-experimental self controlled study, 57 normal emmetropic participants 18-42 years of age were studied. each subject underwent a complete ophthalmic examinations including me...

Abstract Fiber Optic Gyroscope is an angular velocity sensitive device based on Sagnac effect. Super Luminescent Diode (SLD) a widely used light source in fiber optic gyroscope, and its characteristics will directly affect the overall performance of gyroscope. In this paper, working mechanism SLD studied, photoelectric influence temperature driving current center wavelength are analyzed. Accord...