This is a main conventional surgical procedure with making large incision to replace or repair tissue an organ in the body. The surgeon may make of up ten inches allow access organ.What Is Laparoscopic Surgery?Also known as keyhole surgery, Band-Aid diagnostic laparoscopy, and minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopy surgery that initiated by small incisor. biggest benefit laparoscopic it theref...

background: respiratory function in patients undergoing open heart surgery is disrupted after surgery.  patient education on managing complications can reduce occurrence or severity of them. a variety of educational tools has been introduced, but there are controversies about the most appropriate tools. aim: determine the effect of instructional videos on respiratory function of the patients af...

Objective- Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been proven to be a safe and effective technique in human. This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and safety of utilizing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in dogs and to compare this technique with open routine partial nephrectomy for the first time in Iran. Design- Experimental study. Animals- Sixteen large mixed-breed femal...

conclusions the results of the present study showed that, in a rural hospital setting in a developing country, laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis was associated with shorter hospital stay, less infectious morbidity rates, and reduced costs, compared to open surgery. thus, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be advised as a routine technique for management of cholelithia...