The cosmopolitan genus Fraxinus, which comprises about 40 species of temperate trees and shrubs occupying various habitats in the Northern Hemisphere, represents a useful model to study speciation in long-lived angiosperms. We used nuclear external transcribed spacers (nETS), phantastica gene sequences, and two chloroplast loci (trnH-psbA and rpl32-trnL) in combination with previously published...

[1] Paired benthic foraminiferal trace metal and stable isotope records have been constructed from equatorial Pacific Ocean Drilling Program Site 1218. The records include the two largest abrupt (<1 Myr) increases in the Cenozoic benthic oxygen isotope record: Oi-1 in the earliest Oligocene ( 34 Ma) and Mi-1 in the earliest Miocene ( 23 Ma). The paired Mg/Ca and oxygen isotope records are used ...

The Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT) was one of the most profound climate changes in Cenozoic era, characterized by global cooling around 34 million years ago. This time period also witnessed major faunal turnovers, such as “Mongolian Remodeling” Asia, dominance rodents and lagomorphs after EOT. Previous studies have primarily focused on overall change across Here, we examined genus, earliest ...

The northwestwards-directed Eocene propagation of the Western Alpine orogen is linked with (1) compressional structures in the basement and the Mesozoic sedimentary cover of the European foreland, well preserved in the External Zone (or Dauphiné Zone) of the Western Alps, and (2) tectono-sedimentary features associated with the displacement of the early Tertiary foreland basin. Three major shor...

objective: the asmari formation is characterised by alternation thick carbonate and marl sequence of the oligocene- miocene in the zagros basin, southwest of iran that were deposited on the shelf of eastern paratethys. methods: this formation is exposed at tang-e-khoshk in the fars subcoastal zone with a thickness of 286 m comprising alternation of medium and thick to massive bedded carbonates,...

Ronzotherium is one of the earliest Rhinocerotidae in Europe, which first appeared just after Eocene/Oligocene transition (Grande Coupure), and became extinct at end Oligocene. It a large-sized rhinocerotid, with special position phylogeny this group, as being earliest-branching true Rhinocerotidae. However, its intra-generic systematics has never been tested through computational phylogenetic ...