previous results indicated that performance of chicks fed a high level (10%) of poultry by-product meal(pbm) was lower than performance of chicks fed a corn-soybean meal (sbm) diet. the latter difference was hypothesized to be due to variation in digestible amino acid (aa) levels among the diets. this study evaluated diets containing pbm formulated on equivalent total aa basis vs. an equivalent...

objective: much attention is paid to angiogenesis due to its mutual role in health and disease. therefore, the effect of various chemical and physical agents on inhibition of this process has been recently studied. this study was conducted to investigate the synergic effect of glycyrrhizic acid and electromagnetic field on angiogenesis. materials and methods: in this experimental study, 44 ross...

In the present study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing the calcitonin gene related peptide gene (rAAV-CGRP) was constructed and the therapeutic effect of rAAV-CGRP on a chick umbilical artery vasospasm model induced by chick embryo allantoic cavity hemorrhage was investigated. Fresh specific pathogen-free fertilized chicken eggs were randomly divided into a rAAV-CGRP group...

1. In a study spanning two breeding seasons, we assessed the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on body mass, body condition, and egg production of female ostriches. 2. During the first breeding season, groups were given diets with energy concentrations of 8.5, 9.5 and 10.5 MJ/kg dry mass (DM) metabolisable energy (ME) and protein concentrations of 135, 150 and 165 g/kg. In t...

Ruminal bacteria and protozoa provide excellent organic phosphorus (P) sources for the host animal. This experiment was conducted to compare the bioavailability of bacterial and protozoal P in comparison with that of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) as a reference phosphorus source. Bacteria and protozoa were isolated from the rumen contents of dairy cows and the chick-model was used to determine the ...

The deposition of intestinal heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) at the epithelial-mesenchymal interface and its cellular source have been studied by immunocytochemistry at various developmental stages and in rat/chick interspecies hybrid intestines. Polyclonal heparan sulfate antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with HSPG purified from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse tumor; these ant...

1. The brains of chick embryos, of cats six weeks old, of rabbits two months old, and of dogs three weeks old, when cultivated in vitro, develop long filaments which, according to their growth and their anatomical and tinctorial characters, must be considered as true axis cylinders. 2. Similar structures develop from spinal ganglia of rabbits seven months old, and from the spinal cord of cats s...

Chick lit hat seit ihrer Entstehung Mitte der 1990er Jahre kulturelle, geographische und sprachliche Grenzen überschritten. Ihre globale Popularität wurde lange als Transfer von den weißen westlichen »Zentren« in die »Peripherien« beschrieben, vom originären anglo-amerikanischen Genre zu adaptierten, ethnischen Subgenres. Sandra Folie zeigt anhand Fallbeispielen vermeintlich peripherer ethnic c...

In the breeding season f 2018, we found a much larger egg in one nest of Cinereous Tit (Parus cinereus) Zuojia Nature Reserve, Jilin Province, China. The tit pair abandoned their soon after alien hatched, which resulted death foreign chick. Based on DNA identification, this chick was confirmed as Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), suggesting that woodpecker laid or carried her own eg...

Novels written in the genre of chicken literature (chick-lit), known as new women's fiction, are works by women writers for female readers. These works, which to have emerged mid-1990s and considered among products popular culture, gained a great reputation being translated into many languages. At this point, importance translation should be emphasized because plays an important role introducin...