In order to determine the association between the number of formal urban public transport routes and the situation of tuberculosis (TB) in each district of Lima, a correlational analysis and linear regression model between the two variables was performed. Also determined were the number of public transport routes most likely to transmit TB, the areas of greatest activity of these routes and a m...

Due to its large number of potential utilizations Jatropha curcas L. (physic nut, purging nut), a tropical plant cultivated in many Latin American, Asian and African countries, has become topic of various research projects. Nutritional as well as technical applications, however, are restricted due to the plant’s toxicity. The seed oil contains phorbol esters, a family of compounds known to caus...

a hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a global public health problem. in endemic areas, hbv infection occurs mainly during infancy and early childhood, with mother to child transmission (mtct) accounting for approximately half of the transmission routes of chronic hbv infections. prevention of mtct is an essential step in reducing the global burden of chronic hbv. natal transmission accounts f...

Lack of an effective small-animal model to study the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection in vivo has hampered studies on the pathogenesis and transmission of KSHV. The objective of our study was to determine whether the humanized BLT (bone marrow, liver, and thymus) mouse (hu-BLT) model generated from NOD/SCID/IL2rγ mice can be a useful model for studying KSHV infection. We...

Six Korea high oil (KHO) corn varieties varying in germ and endosperm size and oil content (4-21%, wet basis) were subjected to three sequential combinations of milling (M), germ separation (S), fermentation (F), and in situ transesterification (T) to produce bioethanol and biodiesel. Production parameters including saccharification, bioethanol yield, biodiesel yield and composition, and conver...

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a highly pathogenic disease (40% case fatality rate) carried by rodents chronically infected with certain viruses within the genus Hantavirus of the family Bunyaviridae. The primary mode of transmission to humans is thought to be inhalation of excreta from infected rodents; however, ingestion of contaminated material and rodent bites are also possible mode...

We discuss the interactions between mother and infant that influence the transmission of HIV. Potential routes of infection are identified, and maternal and infant risk factors for transmission are explored. The role of the immune system in controlling HIV infection in the infant is discussed. Finally, preventive measures for reducing vertical transmission are proposed and evaluated.