Compared to other organisms, plants have expanded families of transporters that are involved in the uptake and efflux of metals. Fortunately, in many cases, the examination of double mutants has been sufficient to overcome the challenge of studying functionally redundant gene families. Plants that lack two heavy-metal-transporting P-type ATPase family members (HMA2 and HMA4) reveal a function f...

Ni based catalysts are wildly used in catalytic industrial processes due to their low costs and high activities. The design of highly hierarchical core-shell structured Ni/HBEA is achieved using a sustainable, simple, and easy-tunable hydrothermal synthesis approach using combined NH4Cl and NH3·H2O as a co-precipitation agent at 120 °C. Starting from a single-crystalline hierarchical H+-exchang...

Cancer metastasis is an important criterion to evaluate tumor malignancy. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in cancer proliferation and migration by virtue of their proteolytic functions in angiogenesis and extracelluar matrix (ECM) degradation, making them potential targets of anti-metastaic therapeutics. Recently we showed with both in vivo and in vitro experiments that met...

Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH) catalyzes the first step in the serine biosynthetic pathway. In lower plants and bacteria, the PGDH reaction is regulated by the end-product of the pathway, serine. The regulation occurs through a V(max) mechanism with serine binding and inhibition occurring in a cooperative manner. The three-dimensional structure of the serine inhibited enzyme, determined ...