Attacks against judicial officials and the courts are rare events but carry the potential for tremendous impact on the American judiciary. In this article, the authors describe a systematic approach to prevent targeted violence against judges and their courts. They begin with a brief overview of findings from operational research on assassinations and attacks against public officials, including...

The proposal is to use the concepts of artificial intelligence and digital image processing in surveillance systems to detect crime or crime related events, threats and notify officials accordingly. The system could monitor the visual and audio data obtained from the security cameras in-built with microphones and process them to detect crime or crime related events and notify the officials acco...

A planning checklist for widespread severe acute respiratory syndrome, modeled on an Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) pandemic influenza planning checklist, was developed jointly by ASTHO, the National Association of County and City Health Officials, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This checklist, distributed May 2003, has been widely used.

BACKGROUND Environmental hazards are increasingly being detected in minority and low-income communities. The Fresno, Texas community is located near Houston, Texas, and many of its residents are ethnic minorities and of low socioeconomic status. While Fresno residents have voiced concerns about long-standing undocumented environmental hazards, the extent to which the concerns were accurate was ...

This paper contributes to the corruption literature by implementing bribery in the laboratory as a repeated three person sequential game, consisting of a firm, a government official and a citizen. In contrast to the design of Abbink et al (2002) and Cameron et al (2009a), our design fixes the value of the bribe that the firm can offer and the favor that the government official can grant, allowi...

BACKGROUND In the Netherlands, local authorities are required by law to develop local health memoranda, based on epidemiological analyses. The purpose of this study was to assess the actual use of these epidemiological reports by municipal health officials and associated factors that affect this use. METHOD Based on a conceptual framework, we designed a questionnaire in which we operationaliz...

bribery is one of the most important instances of corruption offenses. united nations convention against corruption considered bribery of national public officials as the first instance, and called on state parties to establish it as criminal offense in their domestic laws. this offense considered as an offense against public tranquility makes the public lose its trust to government and public ...

There is a heated debate on the merits of legalizing certain illegal, harmful and corrupting activities (such as trade in illicit drugs), but little theoretical insights on the consequences for optimal enforcement policies and corruption. We propose a model where the government hires law enforcers to report those who engage in a harmful activity. Offenders are allowed to respond by offering bri...

Those charged with assessing and managing threatening communications must utilize risk factors that are behavioral, operational, and reasonably attainable during investigations. This project examined 326 written correspondence cases of an inappropriate, disruptive, or threatening nature that targeted political officials, with the specific goal of identifying written content indicators of proble...

OBJECTIVE To determine how a health officials' advice network might contribute to a high-performing public health systems by facilitating diffusion of innovation and best practices. DESIGN A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data obtained from the National Association of County and City Health Officials 2010 Profile of local health departments (LHDs) using network analysis. SETTING The ...