DEAR EDITOR, This is regarding the article published in your journal “Diabetes and Oral Health: A Case‐control Study” Vol. 3, No. 11, November 2012. I appreciate the efforts by the author for making excellent study in diabetes and much neglected part of it, oral health. However, I have two important comments, one with regards to design and other with regards to analysis. First, since the study ...

INTRODUCTION Despite the progress in diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumours, the effects of treatment are insufficient. Reduction of the risk of cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer is possible by introducing preventative actions. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the thesis is the analysis of selected risk factors that may affect the increase or decrease in the odds ratio of developing ...

Both the odds ratio and the relative risk compare the relative likelihood of an event occurring between two groups. The relative risk is easier to interpret and is consistent with general intuition. Some designs, however, allow only for the calculation of the odds ration. Covariate adjustment is easier for an odds ratio. Finally, the odds ratio avoids ambiguity by being invariant to lthe labeli...

An important scientific goal of studies in the health and social sciences is increasingly to determine to what extent the total effect of a point exposure is mediated by an intermediate variable on the causal pathway between the exposure and the outcome. A causal framework has recently been proposed for mediation analysis, which gives rise to new definitions, formal identification results and n...

This article proposes an estimate of the odds ratio in a (2 £ 2) table obtained from studies in which the row totals are Ž xed by design, such as a phase II clinical trial. Our estimate,basedon themedianunbiasedestimateof the probabilitiesof success in the (2£2) table, will always be in the interval (0;1): Another estimate of the odds ratio which has such properties is obtained when adding .5 t...