purpose: to determine the anatomical location of the inferior oblique (io) muscle and any possible correlation between io overaction and io muscle mass. methods: in this interventional case series, eyes undergoing primary surgery for io overaction underwent measurement of the distance between io muscle borders from the limbus as well as muscle belly circumference, intraoperatively. results: ove...

In order to understand the role of oblique retinal image disparities in the perception of stereoscopic depth, we measured the depth perceived from random dot stereograms in which phase disparities were introduced in a selected band of stimulus orientations. A band of orientation was defined by a center orientation that ranged from 7.5 (near vertical) to 82.5 o[rientation]deg and by a bandwidth ...

Background: Injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) is common after arthroscopic ACLreconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft, as reported in up to 88% of the cases. Due to close relationshipbetween the IPBSN with pes anserine tendons insertion skin incision may sever IPBSN while harvesting gracillis andsemitendinous tendons. As the IPBSN course at the anterior of...

purpose: superior oblique palsy is a common cause of paralytic strabismus. this disorder causes diplopia, head posture and facial asymmetry. this retrospective study reviews patient with superior oblique (so) palsy operated at labbafinejad medical center from 1997 to 2007. methods: in this descriptive study, records of patients with so palsy scheduled for surgery were reviewed. forced duction t...

A case of acute esotropia with bilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction in a 4-year-old boy with a posterior fossa pilocytic astrocytoma is reported. After tumor excision, the esotropia and oblique dysfunction resolved. Acute esotropia with bilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction without abducens palsy is an unusual sign of brain stem mass.

The main issue of this work is to investigate asymmetric structures in graphs. While symmetry structures in graphs are well observed, the opposite question has not been investigated deeply so far. It is known from a theorem of Wright, that almost all graphs are asymmetric. The class of asymmetric graphs is restricted further by forbidding even local symmetries. The main question is to determine...

This paper presents a new algorithm of decision rules with oblique conditions induction. It bases on the Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Analysis as a tool of finding an initial classes separation. This technique has a good ability of oblique dependencies generalisation what reduces the number of decision rules and their complexities. Keywords—classification, machine learning, Linear Discriminant ...

Following previous work, we identify a symmetry Snat that generalizes the concept of custodial symmetry, keeping under control deviations from the Standard Model (SM). To realize Snat linearly, the space of gauge fields has to be extended. Covariant constraints formulated in terms of spurions reduce Snat back to SU (2)L × U(1)Y . This allows for a covariant introduction of explicit Snat-breakin...