1. The permittivities obtained by the spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE850) The permittivities are obtained by the spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE850). The following Table. S1 shows the experimental parameters for determination the permittivities of Cr, PR and Ag. Table. S1 Measurement the perimittivities with ellipsometry 2. Optimizing the thickness of film The thicknesses of Cr, PR and Ag are mai...

Theoretical analysis and Computer simulations have proven to be cost-effective and powerful tools in scientific studies of materials, particularly at nano-scale where synthesis of nano-structures, interpretation of their observed character and exploration of new structures are not always straight forward. We present here fundamental principles of techniques used today for computational simulati...

In this lecture, we introduce the basic concepts of near-field optics using two different points of view: the plane-wave angular spectrum and the electric-dipole radiation. The first approach leads naturally to the diffraction limit and to the concepts of evanescent waves and near field. The second approach shows that the basic laws of electromagnetic radiation also lead to the classical resolu...

The importance for manipulating an incorporated scaffold and directing cell behaviors is well appreciated for tissue engineering. Here, we developed newly nano-topographic oxidized silicon nanosponges capable of being various chemical modifications to provide much insight into the fundamental biology of how cells interact with their surrounding environment in vitro. A wet etching technique is e...

UNLABELLED Nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) is an emerging, high-resolution cross-sectional imaging technique and represents a technical advancement of the established micro-CT technology. Based on the application of a transmission target X-ray tube, the focal spot size can be decreased down to diameters less than 400 nanometers (nm). Together with specific detectors and examination protocols...

Manipulating an incorporated scaffold to direct cell behaviors play a key role in tissue engineering. In this study, we developed novel nano-topographic oxidized silicon nanosponges capable of being modified with various chemicals of a few nm in thickness to gain further insight into the fundamental biology of cell-environment interactions in vitro. A wet etching technique was applied to fabric...

Voluntary Feed Intake (VFI) and Average Daily Gain (ADG) of three rabbit breeds fed on pigeon pea (PP), cowpea (CoP) soybean (SB) as sources protein for growing rabbits were determined. Flemish Giant (FG), California Black (CB) New Zealand White (NZW)) (Glycine max), (Cajunus cajan) (Vigna unguiculata) in the ration. Eighteen weaned at six weeks age used each breed (a total 54 rabbits) out whic...

This study investigated the combined effects of feeding ration and cheliped autotomy on intermolt duration, molting success, molt increments in size weight, ecdysteroid receptor gene (SpEcR) expression early juvenile mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Newly molted second stage crabs (C2) were subjected to four conditions; optimal, suboptimal (1/2 optimal), low (1/4 optimal) starvation, (intact vs. a...

Nano-hydroxyapatite and its modification, hydroxyapatite with the excess of phosphorus (P-HAP) and hydroxyapatite with the carbon ions built into the structure (C-HAP), were prepared by the wet method. They were studied by means of XRD, accelerated surface area and porosimetry (ASAP), and SEM. The size of crystallites computed using the Scherrer method was nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) = 20 nm; P-H...