X-linked congenital nystagmus is a rare disorder in which affected males manifest binocular uniplanar nystagmus with associated head oscillation. In the families previously reported, affected females have been described. We report on a multigeneration family with X-linked congenital nystagmus with an affected woman. She was a (46,XX/45,X) mosaic. Magnetic resonance images of the brain of affect...

Abnormal projection of the optic nerves to the wrong cerebral hemisphere transforms the optokinetic system from its usual negative feedback loop to a positive feedback loop with characteristic ocular motor instabilities including directional reversal of the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and spontaneous nystagmus, which are common features of infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS). Visual input plays ...

Irregularities of nystagmus can be found almost in every electronystagmographic record, but only a few are pathological. In this investigation, the authors try to define the border line between pathological and nonpathological irregularities of nystagmus and according to this measure the diagnostic use of findings of irregularities of nystagmus.

Different balance problems may occur in the same patient simultaneously, and the other problem may be overlooked if the clinician does not pay much attention. Spontaneous nystagmus of Meniere's disease and positional nystagmus of posterior canal BPPV in the same patient is presented. Positional tests must always be considered even in the presence of spontaneous nystagmus.

Lamotrigine is an effective antiepileptic drug with few adverse effects. Nystagmus is one of the commonly observable signs of lamotrigine overdose, which may result from central nervous system involvement. However, the physiologic basis of lamotrigine-induced nystagmus is not fully understood. Here we report a patient who presented with lamotrigine-associated nystagmus that was probably related...

OBJECTIVES Although nystagmus has been reported in Down syndrome (DS), it has been poorly characterized, because most investigators have relied on clinical observations rather than on eye movement recordings. This study was conducted to investigate nystagmus in DS, using quantitative measurements of eye movements. METHODS Ocular motility and visual functions were examined in 26 unselected adu...

Head-shaking nystagmus. Head-Shaking Nystagmus (HSN) is a latent spontaneous vestibular nystagmus provoked by rapid passive head shaking around a vertical axis. HSN is not specific in distinguishing peripheral hypofunction from more central vestibular imbalances. This test is an excellent bedside test for detecting unilateral vestibular hypofunction but further rotatory and caloric testing will...

We report a family in which autosomal dominant congenital nystagmus cosegregates with a balanced 7;15 translocation. Ophthalmic investigation showed predominantly horizontal nystagmus with a small rotatory component and no significant loss of visual function. This finding suggests a possible localisation for autosomal dominant congenital nystagmus (McKusick 164100).