Cyanuric acid hydrolases are of industrial importance because of their use in aquatic recreational facilities to remove cyanuric acid, a stabilizer for the chlorine. Degradation of excess cyanuric acid is necessary to maintain chlorine disinfection in the waters. Cyanuric acid hydrolase opens the cyanuric acid ring hydrolytically and subsequent decarboxylation produces carbon dioxide and biuret...

the facile and high yield synthesis of a new series of dibenzophenones in the presence of polyphosphoric acid (ppa) together with their cyclization to corresponding moni and dixanthones are described. the aromatic nucleophilic substitution of these new compounds are also studied.

Despite the fact that nucleophilic displacement (SN2) of alkyl halides with nitrogen nucleophiles is one first reactions introduced in organic chemistry teaching, its practical utilization largely limited to unhindered (primary) or activated (?-carbonyl, benzylic) substrates. Here, we demonstrate an alternative amination strategy where iodides are used as radical precursors instead electrophile...

The synthesis of some 13-lactams is described. 'The electronic activation of monocyclic B-lactams provided by a quinonemethine function was found to instabilize the 13-lactam ring toward nucleophilic: attack by water

Second-order rate constants (kN) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the nucleophilic displacement reactions of 4-nitrophenyl X-substituted-cinnamates (4a-4e) and Y-substituted-phenyl cinnamates (5a-5e) with Z-substituted-phenoxide anions in 80 mol % H2O/20 mol % DMSO at 25.0 ± 0.1 C. The Hammett plot for the reactions of 4a-4e with 4-chlorophenoxide (4-ClPhO) consists of two intersec...

The literature on gas phase nucleophilic substitution reactions at aliphatic carbon has been reviewed. The emphasis has been on journal articles published in the period 1990–2001. The present review outlines our current understanding of concepts such as potential energy surfaces, structure–energy relationships, microsolvation, and dynamical and mechanistic details based on both experimental and...