Central norepinephrine signaling influences a wide range of behavioral and physiological processes, and the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vBNST) receives some of the densest norepinephrine innervation in the brain. Previous work describes norepinephrine neurons as projecting primarily unilaterally; however, recent evidence for cross-hemispheric catecholamine signaling challenges ...

We compared the overflow of endogenous norepinephrine during electrical field stimulation, the norepinephrine content, and the rate of initial neuronal uptake of [3H]norepinephrine in synaptosomes isolated from hypothalamus and brainstem of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at 7 and 13 weeks of age. The synaptosomes of two rats, a SHR and a WKY rat control, were ...

Four hypertensive patients with features of sympathoadrenal hyperactivity similar to those of patients with pheochromocytoma had rates of excretion of norepinephrine plus epinephrine (̂ u,g/day) of 135 ± 13 (mean ± SE) compared with 441 ± 59 in five patients with pheochromocytoma and 53 ± 7 in six patients with primary hypertension. The specific activities of urinary norepinephrine and the half-...

Recent experiments demonstrate that feedforward sympathetic beta-adrenoceptor coronary vasodilation occurs during exercise. The present study quantitatively examined the contributions of epinephrine and norepinephrine to exercise coronary hyperemia and tested the hypothesis that circulating epinephrine causes feedforward beta-receptor-mediated coronary dilation. Dogs (n = 10) were chronically i...

BASED ON FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS of obesity, the sympathetic nervous system has commonly been assumed to have a determining role in obesity development through its influence on the regulation of energy expenditure. An earlier hypothesis was that sympathetic nervous activity was low in obesity, which by reducing thermogenesis had led to the weight gain (2). More recent studies in human o...

BASED ON FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS of obesity, the sympathetic nervous system has commonly been assumed to have a determining role in obesity development through its influence on the regulation of energy expenditure. An earlier hypothesis was that sympathetic nervous activity was low in obesity, which by reducing thermogenesis had led to the weight gain (2). More recent studies in human o...

BACKGROUND Norepinephrine administration is controversial during hemorrhagic shock resuscitation to stabilize mean arterial pressure (MAP) level because it could have deleterious effects on local circulations. The authors investigated the effect of norepinephrine on intestinal microcirculation during fluid resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. METHODS Mice (n = 6 per group) submitt...

BACKGROUND Vasopressors, such as norepinephrine, are frequently used to treat perioperative hypotension. Increasing perfusion pressure with norepinephrine may increase blood flow in regions at risk. However, the resulting vasoconstriction could deteriorate microcirculatory blood flow in the intestinal tract and kidneys. This animal study was designed to investigate the effects of treating perio...

Norepinephrine directly induces growth of the vascular wall, which may involve not only proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and adventitial fibroblasts (AFBs) but also augmentation of their migration. To test this hypothesis, growth-arrested SMCs and AFBs from rat aorta were exposed to norepinephrine. Norepinephrine caused dose-dependent migration of both cell types that was dependent o...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the prognosis in patients who needed norepinephrine treatment in our institution in relation to the degree of organ failure and the evolution of the disease process. DESIGN Retrospective case note analysis of outcome of those patients who needed norepinephrine according to our institutional regimen. PATIENTS A total of 100 consecutive patients...