* Assistant Professor, College of Dental Surgery, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal ** Bacteriologist, Govt Medical College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India INTRODUCTION Periapical pathosis is considered as an endogenous infection caused by oral microflora. Bacterial infection of dental pulp results in pulpal destruction and subsequently stimulates an inflammatory cel...

UNLABELLED An 11-year-old female patient was referred with a chief complaint of pain in the right mandibular second premolar. Clinical and radiographic examinations showed secondary caries under an old composite restoration, a negative response to a pulp test and an immature root with an open apex. After root canal cleaning and shaping, bleeding was invoked in the canal up to 2 mm short of the ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical performance of direct Class II fiber-reinforced composite restorations on nonvital teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients age 18 or older were included in this clinical trial restoring 35 molars. The inclusion criteria were: two- to four-surface restorations, replacement of composite and amalgam restorations necessary or unrestored teeth with decay reach...

INTRODUCTION Bacterial infection of tooth pulp can progress into periapical diseases. Root canal treatment has been established as the best treatment. In cases of failure, nonsurgical retreatment of teeth is preferred to surgical procedure and extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this historical cohort study, 104 permanent teeth with apical lesion were treated during 2002-2008. All teeth show...